The following are probable signs of pregnancy, except?
Deepening pigmentation
Abdominal enlargement
Ballottement
Positive pregnancy test result
The Correct Answer is A
A. Deepening pigmentation, such as changes in the skin like melasma or linea nigra, is considered a presumptive sign of pregnancy, as it is subjective and not specific to pregnancy alone.
B. Abdominal enlargement is a probable sign of pregnancy as it is more objective and can be caused by the growing uterus. However, it may also occur due to other conditions, such as tumors or fluid accumulation.
C. Ballottement, a sensation felt when the fetus rebounds after being pushed gently, is a probable sign of pregnancy due to its reliance on the presence of a fetus.
D. A positive pregnancy test result is a probable sign because it detects hCG levels, which are strongly associated with pregnancy but may also be elevated in other conditions.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Prior to giving birth: Live vaccines, such as MMR, are contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk of harm to the fetus.
B. Two weeks before attempting pregnancy again: After receiving the MMR vaccine, a woman should wait at least 1 month (not 2 weeks) before attempting conception to prevent fetal exposure to the live virus.
C. When she does not desire future pregnancies: This would unnecessarily delay protection against rubella, which could pose a risk in future exposures or pregnancies.
D. Prior to discharge from the hospital after giving birth: This is the correct time to administer the MMR vaccine. It ensures the woman receives immunity before leaving the hospital and protects future pregnancies from congenital rubella syndrome.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Supine hypotension syndrome occurs when the gravid uterus compresses the inferior vena cava when the woman is lying flat on her back, leading to decreased venous return, lowered cardiac output, and a drop in blood pressure. This can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, and sometimes fainting. It is more common in the later stages of pregnancy, such as at 38 weeks.
B. Pregnancy-induced hypotension refers to a decrease in blood pressure due to pregnancy, but it typically does not occur specifically when lying on the back, and is not the main cause of dizziness when positioned in that way.
C. Anxiety can cause dizziness, but it is not the most likely cause of dizziness related to lying flat on the back, especially in late pregnancy.
D. Hypoglycemia can cause dizziness, but it is not typically triggered by a change in position like lying on the back, making it less likely in this scenario.
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