A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is at 12 weeks gestation. The client asks about the cause of her heartburn. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Retained bile in the liver results in delayed digestion.

Increased estrogen production causes increased secretion of hydrochloric acid.

Pressure from the growing uterus displaces the stomach.

Increased progesterone production causes relaxation of the smooth muscle relaxation of the cardiac sphincter and delayed gastric emptying.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A)   Retained bile in the liver results in delayed digestion: This statement is not related to the cause of heartburn.
B)   Increased estrogen production causes increased secretion of hydrochloric acid: While hormonal changes during pregnancy can contribute to heartburn, it is specifically increased progesterone that leads to relaxation of the cardiac sphincter and delayed gastric emptying, which are more directly linked to heartburn.
C)   Pressure from the growing uterus displaces the stomach: Uterine pressure on the stomach can lead to a feeling of fullness, but it is not the primary cause of heartburn during pregnancy.
D)   Increased progesterone production causes relaxation of the smooth muscle relaxation of the cardiac sphincter and delayed gastric emptying: This is the correct answer. Increased progesterone levels during pregnancy relax the lower esophageal sphincter, leading to gastric acid reflux into the esophagus and causing heartburn.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A: This response is dismissive and does not validate the client's feelings. It may not address the client's concerns effectively.

Choice B: This response validates the client's feelings and reassures her that ambivalent feelings about pregnancy are common. It provides a supportive approach and normalizes her emotions.

Choice C: While counseling might be helpful for some clients, suggesting it immediately without further assessment of the client's needs may not be the most appropriate response at this stage.

Choice D: Encouraging the client to discuss her feelings with her mother may not be suitable, as the client might prefer professional support or may not have a positive relationship with her

mother. It is essential to avoid making assumptions about the client's support system and address her concerns empathetically.

A. A surge of energy B. Urinary retention C. Decreased vaginal discharge D. Weight gain of 0.5 to 1.5 kg

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A surge of energy: Some women experience a sudden burst of energy, often referred to as a "nesting" instinct, shortly before the onset of labor.
B. Urinary retention: Urinary frequency and urgency are more common before labor, not urinary retention.
C. Decreased vaginal discharge: Before labor, there might be an increase in vaginal discharge, often thick and pinkish, known as the "bloody show."
D. Weight gain of 0.5 to 1.5 kg: Weight gain is not typically associated with the onset of labor.

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A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is at 12 weeks gestation. The client asks about the cause of her heartburn. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is at 39 weeks of gestation and who asks about the signs that precede the onset of labor. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a sign that precedes labor?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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