A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is at 12 weeks gestation. The client asks about the cause of her heartburn. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Retained bile in the liver results in delayed digestion.

Increased estrogen production causes increased secretion of hydrochloric acid.

Pressure from the growing uterus displaces the stomach.

Increased progesterone production causes relaxation of the smooth muscle relaxation of the cardiac sphincter and delayed gastric emptying.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A)   Retained bile in the liver results in delayed digestion: This statement is not related to the cause of heartburn.
B)   Increased estrogen production causes increased secretion of hydrochloric acid: While hormonal changes during pregnancy can contribute to heartburn, it is specifically increased progesterone that leads to relaxation of the cardiac sphincter and delayed gastric emptying, which are more directly linked to heartburn.
C)   Pressure from the growing uterus displaces the stomach: Uterine pressure on the stomach can lead to a feeling of fullness, but it is not the primary cause of heartburn during pregnancy.
D)   Increased progesterone production causes relaxation of the smooth muscle relaxation of the cardiac sphincter and delayed gastric emptying: This is the correct answer. Increased progesterone levels during pregnancy relax the lower esophageal sphincter, leading to gastric acid reflux into the esophagus and causing heartburn.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A: Smoking is not directly associated with the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus in the baby.

Choice B: While smoking during pregnancy can have various effects on the baby's health, hearing loss is not one of the common complications.

Choice C: Although smoking during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of congenital heart defects, intrauterine growth restriction is a more likely complication based on the client's smoking history.

Choice D: Smoking during pregnancy is associated with various adverse outcomes for both the mother and the baby. It can cause intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), where the baby does not grow at the expected rate and has a lower birth weight. Smoking reduces blood flow to the placenta, which can affect the baby's growth and development.

A. Contractions lasting 2 minutes and with no rest between contractions. B. Pressure on the perineum causing the client to have the desire to bear down. C. Discharge consisting of clear fluid from the vagina. D. Passage of a bloodtinged mucous plug.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A: The first priority assessment finding to report to the provider is contractions lasting 2 minutes and with no rest between contractions. Prolonged contractions without adequate rest can lead to uterine hyperstimulation and fetal distress, potentially compromising the wellbeing of both the client and the baby. The provider needs to be informed immediately for further

evaluation and intervention.

Choice B: Pressure on the perineum and the desire to bear down indicate that the client is experiencing the urge to push, which is expected during the second stage of labor, not during the active phase of the first stage. It is not the first priority to report.

Choice C: Clear fluid discharge from the vagina can indicate rupture of membranes, but it is not an immediate concern unless the fluid is meconiumstained or there are other signs of fetal distress.

Choice D: Passage of a bloodtinged mucous plug (also known as "bloody show") is a common sign that labor is approaching, but it is not an immediate concern unless there are other signs of labor progression or complications. It is not the first priority to report.

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A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is at 12 weeks gestation. The client asks about the cause of her heartburn. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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