A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is at 12 weeks gestation. The client asks about the cause of her heartburn. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Retained bile in the liver results in delayed digestion.

Increased estrogen production causes increased secretion of hydrochloric acid.

Pressure from the growing uterus displaces the stomach.

Increased progesterone production causes relaxation of the smooth muscle relaxation of the cardiac sphincter and delayed gastric emptying.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A)   Retained bile in the liver results in delayed digestion: This statement is not related to the cause of heartburn.
B)   Increased estrogen production causes increased secretion of hydrochloric acid: While hormonal changes during pregnancy can contribute to heartburn, it is specifically increased progesterone that leads to relaxation of the cardiac sphincter and delayed gastric emptying, which are more directly linked to heartburn.
C)   Pressure from the growing uterus displaces the stomach: Uterine pressure on the stomach can lead to a feeling of fullness, but it is not the primary cause of heartburn during pregnancy.
D)   Increased progesterone production causes relaxation of the smooth muscle relaxation of the cardiac sphincter and delayed gastric emptying: This is the correct answer. Increased progesterone levels during pregnancy relax the lower esophageal sphincter, leading to gastric acid reflux into the esophagus and causing heartburn.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Position the client on her side: Late decelerations are often associated with uteroplacental insufficiency, which may be improved by changing the maternal position to improve blood flow to the placenta.
B. Elevate the client's legs: Elevating the client's legs would not directly address the cause of late decelerations.
C. Increase the infusion rate of the IV fluid: While ensuring adequate hydration is important, it is not the priority action when late decelerations are noted.
D. Administer oxygen via a face mask: Oxygen administration may be necessary, but it is not the priority action. Positioning the client on her side to improve blood flow is the priority.

A. This test assesses fetal lung maturity in the premature fetus. B. It provides an assessment of various signs of physical and physiological wellbeing in the fetus. C. This test identifies an Rh incompatibility between an Rhnegative mother and her unborn fetus. D. It is a maternal blood screening test to identify neural tube defects (also known as spinal defects) and Down syndrome in the fetus.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A: Fetal lung maturity is not assessed through maternal serum alphafetoprotein testing. It is usually evaluated through tests such as amniocentesis or specialized ultrasound examinations closer to the third trimester.
Choice B: The maternal serum alphafetoprotein test specifically screens for certain birth defects and genetic conditions in the fetus, rather than general signs of physical and physiological
wellbeing.

Choice C: The maternal serum alphafetoprotein test is not used to identify Rh incompatibility. Rh incompatibility is determined through blood tests that assess the Rh factor of the mother's blood and the Rh status of the baby.
Choice D: The maternal serum alphafetoprotein test is a blood screening test that can identify neural tube defects (such as spina bifida) and chromosomal abnormalities (such as Down syndrome) in the fetus. The test measures the levels of alphafetoprotein in the mother's blood, and abnormal levels may indicate the need for further diagnostic testing.

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A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is at 12 weeks gestation. The client asks about the cause of her heartburn. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is in active labor and notes late decelerations on the fetal monitor. Which of the following is the priority nursing action?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a maternal serum alphafetoprotein test at 15 weeks of gestation. The nurse provides which of the following explanations about this test to the client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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