A nurse is assisting with the preparation of an educational program on physiological changes during labor. Which of the following smooth muscle adaptations should the nurse identify as being responsible for facilitating cervical dilation and promoting descent of the fetus into the client pelvis and vaginal canal?

Relaxation of the uterus smooth muscle

Constriction of cervical smooth muscle

Stretching of the pelvic smooth muscle

Contraction of the vaginal smooth muscle

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Relaxation of the uterine smooth muscle occurs during labor and is key for allowing the cervix to dilate. Uterine contractions, which involve smooth muscle contractions, help facilitate cervical dilation and fetal descent into the birth canal.

B. Constriction of cervical smooth muscle would not facilitate dilation. In fact, cervical dilation is enabled by the relaxation of cervical smooth muscle in response to uterine contractions.

C. Stretching of the pelvic smooth muscle helps accommodate the descending fetus, but the primary action for dilation is the uterine contractions and relaxation of the cervix.

D. Contraction of the vaginal smooth muscle occurs during labor but does not directly impact the cervical dilation or fetal descent, as the primary muscular adaptation involved in labor is uterine contractions.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Prior to giving birth: Live vaccines, such as MMR, are contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk of harm to the fetus.
B. Two weeks before attempting pregnancy again: After receiving the MMR vaccine, a woman should wait at least 1 month (not 2 weeks) before attempting conception to prevent fetal exposure to the live virus.
C. When she does not desire future pregnancies: This would unnecessarily delay protection against rubella, which could pose a risk in future exposures or pregnancies.
D. Prior to discharge from the hospital after giving birth: This is the correct time to administer the MMR vaccine. It ensures the woman receives immunity before leaving the hospital and protects future pregnancies from congenital rubella syndrome.

A. Relaxation of the uterus smooth muscle B. Constriction of cervical smooth muscle C. Stretching of the pelvic smooth muscle D. Contraction of the vaginal smooth muscle

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

B. Constriction of cervical smooth muscle would not facilitate dilation. In fact, cervical dilation is enabled by the relaxation of cervical smooth muscle in response to uterine contractions.

C. Stretching of the pelvic smooth muscle helps accommodate the descending fetus, but the primary action for dilation is the uterine contractions and relaxation of the cervix.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about immunizations with a woman in her first trimester of pregnancy whose diagnostic testing indicates she does not have immunity to rubella. The nurse should recommend that the client receive a measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine at which of the following times?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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