A nurse is assisting an infection control nurse teach a class about transmission of infectious agents. The nurse should include that which of the following diseases is transmitted via airborne transmission?(Select All that Apply.)
Varicella
Clostridium difficile
Tuberculosis
Rubeola
Staphylococcus aureus
Correct Answer : A,C,D
A. Varicella, or chickenpox, is transmitted via airborne transmission. The varicella virus can spread through respiratory droplets and can also linger in the air after an infected person has left the area. Thus, it is included in airborne transmission.
B. Clostridium difficile (C. diff) is primarily transmitted through contact, particularly via contaminated surfaces and the fecal-oral route. It is not considered an airborne disease. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
C. Tuberculosis (TB) is a classic example of a disease transmitted via airborne transmission. TB bacteria are spread through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, allowing the bacteria to remain suspended in the air and be inhaled by others. This option is correct.
D. Rubeola, or measles, is also transmitted via airborne transmission. The measles virus can be spread through respiratory droplets, and the virus can remain airborne for up to two hours after an infected person has left the area. This option is correct.
E. Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is primarily transmitted through direct contact with contaminated surfaces or skin, as well as through contact with infected wounds. It is not typically spread through airborne transmission.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. When a client has a fever, they are at increased risk for dehydration due to fluid loss through sweating and increased metabolic rate. The nurse should encourage adequate fluid intake to help keep the client hydrated.
B. This action is contraindicated. A warming blanket would further elevate the client's body temperature, which is counterproductive when managing a fever. The goal is to help the client cool down, not warm them up.
C. Increasing the room temperature is not advisable. A warmer environment could make the client feel more uncomfortable and may exacerbate their fever. Instead, the nurse should consider cooling measures.
D. Removing excess clothing can help the client cool down and make them more comfortable. It allows for better heat dissipation and can aid in lowering body temperature.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This is not a therapeutic communication technique. Passive responses can create barriers to communication and may lead to misunderstandings. They often convey a lack of interest or engagement, which is counterproductive in therapeutic settings.
B. This is a valuable therapeutic communication technique. Silence allows clients to reflect on their thoughts and feelings, giving them the space to express themselves without pressure. It can encourage deeper conversation and provide opportunities for the nurse to observe non-verbal cues.
C. Offering personal opinions is generally not considered a therapeutic communication technique. It can shift the focus away from the client and may inadvertently lead to judgment or bias. Instead,
therapeutic communication emphasizes listening and understanding the client’s perspective without imposing personal views.
D. While offering sympathy may seem caring, it can sometimes lead to a focus on the nurse's feelings rather than the client's experience. Sympathy may not promote empowerment or exploration of the client’s feelings as effectively as empathy, which involves understanding and validating the client's
emotions without imposing one’s own feelings.
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