A nurse is assessing the cognitive development of a preschooler. The nurse should expect the child to be in which of the following phases?
Concrete operational
Formal operational
Preoperational
Sensorimotor
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: The concrete operational phase typically begins around age 7 and is characterized by the development of logical thought about concrete events. This phase is not typical for preschoolers, who are usually between the ages of 3 and 5.
Choice B reason: The formal operational phase usually starts at age 11 or older. It involves abstract thinking and the ability to systematically plan for the future, which is beyond the cognitive abilities of a preschooler.
Choice C reason: The preoperational phase occurs from ages 2 to 7. During this stage, children begin to engage in symbolic play and learn to manipulate symbols, but they do not yet understand concrete logic.
Choice D reason: The sensorimotor phase is from birth to about age 2. During this stage, infants learn about the world through their senses and actions, such as looking and touching. Preschoolers have typically moved beyond this phase.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Using a bulb syringe to suction the nares is appropriate for an infant with bronchiolitis to help clear mucus and maintain airway patency, as bronchiolitis often causes nasal congestion.
Choice B reason: Initiating IV antibiotic therapy is not typically indicated for bronchiolitis, which is usually caused by a virus, and antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections.
Choice C reason: Administering a meningococcal vaccine upon admission is not related to the immediate care needs of an infant with bronchiolitis and is not part of standard treatment for this condition.
Choice D reason: Placing the infant in a room with negative-pressure airflow is not necessary for bronchiolitis, as this measure is reserved for airborne infections like tuberculosis, not for bronchiolitis which is spread through droplets.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Preparing to administer a potassium IV bolus is not typically indicated in sickle cell crisis unless there is a documented potassium deficiency. Potassium levels must be carefully monitored to avoid hyperkalemia.
Choice B reason: Providing hydration both orally and intravenously is crucial in managing sickle cell crisis. Hydration helps to reduce blood viscosity and improve circulation, which can alleviate the pain and prevent further sickling of red blood cells.
Choice C reason: Requesting a prescription for meperidine is not recommended for pain management in sickle cell crisis due to the risk of seizures and other side effects. Other pain medications, such as morphine, are preferred.
Choice D reason: Administering multiple units of platelets is not a standard treatment for sickle cell crisis. Platelet transfusion is typically reserved for patients with thrombocytopenia or active bleeding, not for sickle cell crisis.
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