A nurse is assessing the cognitive development of a preschooler. The nurse should expect the child to be in which of the following phases?

Concrete operational

Formal operational

Preoperational

Sensorimotor

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: The concrete operational phase typically begins around age 7 and is characterized by the development of logical thought about concrete events. This phase is not typical for preschoolers, who are usually between the ages of 3 and 5.

Choice B reason: The formal operational phase usually starts at age 11 or older. It involves abstract thinking and the ability to systematically plan for the future, which is beyond the cognitive abilities of a preschooler.

Choice C reason: The preoperational phase occurs from ages 2 to 7. During this stage, children begin to engage in symbolic play and learn to manipulate symbols, but they do not yet understand concrete logic.

Choice D reason: The sensorimotor phase is from birth to about age 2. During this stage, infants learn about the world through their senses and actions, such as looking and touching. Preschoolers have typically moved beyond this phase.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Soaking hairbrushes in boiling water is a good practice for decontamination, but it is not specific to the treatment of impetigo, which is a bacterial skin infection.

Choice B reason: Acyclovir is an antiviral medication and would not be effective against impetigo, which is caused by bacteria, typically Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes.

Choice C reason: Sealing soft toys in a plastic bag for 14 days may help to prevent the spread of infection, but it is not a direct treatment for impetigo itself.

Choice D reason: Applying a bactericidal ointment, such as mupirocin, is a standard treatment for impetigo. It helps to eliminate the bacteria causing the infection and promotes healing of the skin lesions.

A. An adolescent who has sickle cell anemia and slurred speech. B. A toddler who has a partial-thickness burn on his right hand and requires a dressing change. C. An adolescent who is in skin traction and reports a pain level of 7 on a scale from 0 to 10. D. A toddler who has a new diagnosis of osteomyelitis and is to receive an IV bolus of nafcillin.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Slurred speech may indicate a stroke or other neurological complication, which is a medical emergency. Sickle cell anemia can lead to such complications, and immediate assessment is crucial.

Choice B reason: While a partial-thickness burn requires care, it is not as immediately life-threatening as potential neurological complications. The toddler should be assessed after more urgent cases.

Choice C reason: A pain level of 7 is significant, but pain management can be addressed after more critical needs are met. The adolescent's pain should be managed effectively once urgent cases are stabilized.

Choice D reason: Administering an IV bolus of nafcillin for osteomyelitis is important, but it does not take precedence over potential neurological issues. The toddler should receive the medication promptly after urgent assessments.

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A nurse is assessing the cognitive development of a preschooler. The nurse should expect the child to be in which of the following phases?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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