A nurse is assessing a toddler during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of nephrotic syndrome?

Choice A reason: Asking the parent to leave the room during the injections is not recommended as the presence of a parent can provide comfort to the infant, which may help in reducing pain and anxiety.

Choice B reason: Administering the injections while the infant is breastfeeding is an effective method to decrease pain. Breastfeeding provides comfort and distraction, and the natural sugars in breast milk can have a mild analgesic effect.

Choice C reason: Applying a warm pack to the injection site prior to administration is not a standard practice for reducing pain from immunizations. Instead, using a cold compress after the injection can help to reduce swelling and discomfort.

Choice D reason: Administering injections in the deltoid muscle is not appropriate for a 2-month-old infant due to the underdeveloped muscle mass. The anterolateral thigh is the recommended site for immunizations in infants.

Choice A reason: Constipation is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome. It may be related to dietary factors, dehydration, or other gastrointestinal issues.

Choice B reason: Increased abdominal girth can be an indication of nephrotic syndrome due to the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen (ascites) as a result of low albumin levels in the blood, which is a characteristic of this condition.

Choice C reason: Irritability can be a non-specific symptom and may be caused by a variety of factors. It is not a direct indication of nephrotic syndrome.

Choice D reason: Increased urinary output is not characteristic of nephrotic syndrome. In fact, decreased urine output may be observed due to the loss of protein in the urine and subsequent fluid retention in the body.