A nurse is assessing a client who has hypercholesterolemia and is receiving simvastatin. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a potential adverse effect?

Blurred vision

Orthostatic hypotension

Urinary retention

Muscle weakness

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Blurred vision is not a common or serious side effect of simvastatin, as it does not affect the eyes or the vision. Blurred vision may be caused by other factors, such as diabetes, hypertension, or eye disorders.

Choice B reason: Orthostatic hypotension is not a common or serious side effect of simvastatin, as it does not affect the blood pressure or the vascular tone. Orthostatic hypotension may be caused by other factors, such as dehydration, anemia, or medication interactions.

Choice C reason: Urinary retention is not a common or serious side effect of simvastatin, as it does not affect the urinary tract or the bladder function. Urinary retention may be caused by other factors, such as prostate enlargement, infection, or nerve damage.

Choice D reason: Muscle weakness is a common and serious side effect of simvastatin, as it can indicate muscle damage or rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis is a life-threatening condition that causes the breakdown of muscle tissue and the release of myoglobin into the bloodstream, which can lead to kidney failure. Muscle weakness may be accompanied by muscle pain, tenderness, or dark urine. The nurse should monitor the client's creatine kinase (CK) levels and report any signs of muscle damage to the provider.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A - Catheter Occlusion: This occurs when the catheter is blocked, preventing the flow of fluids or medication. It is usually indicated by difficulty in flushing the catheter or a slow drip rate¹. However, it does not typically cause a gurgling sound.

Choice B - (Catheter migration) is correct because when a central venous catheter (CVC) migrates from its original position, the tip can enter a smaller vein or a different location where turbulence occurs. This may cause the client to hear a gurgling or bubbling sound, especially during infusion or with position changes. Migration can happen due to coughing, movement, or changes in pressure, and it doesn’t necessarily involve the catheter being visibly out of place

Choice C - (Catheter dislodgment) is incorrect because dislodgment typically refers to the catheter being partially pulled out of the insertion site. This would be more likely to cause external signs like visible catheter movement or fluid leakage at the insertion site, rather than internal gurgling sounds. Gurgling is more associated with internal changes in catheter position, as seen with migration.

Choice D - Catheter Rupture: This is a break or tear in the catheter. It can cause serious complications, including infection and embolism. However, a gurgling sound is not a typical symptom of a catheter rupture¹.

A. Prevents dysrhythmias B. Relieves pain C. Dissolves blood clots D. Slows intestinal motility

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic medication that stabilizes the cardiac membrane and suppresses abnormal electrical impulses in the heart. It is used to treat ventricular dysrhythmias, such as ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, which can occur after a cardiac arrest.

Choice B reason: Lidocaine is not primarily used to relieve pain, although it has local anesthetic properties. It is not effective for chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia or infarction.

Choice C reason: Lidocaine does not dissolve blood clots, nor does it prevent their formation. It has no anticoagulant or thrombolytic effects.

Choice D reason: Lidocaine does not slow intestinal motility, nor does it affect the gastrointestinal system. It has no antispasmodic or antidiarrheal effects.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has hypercholesterolemia and is receiving simvastatin. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a potential adverse effect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a central venous catheter and reports hearing a gurgling sound on the side of the catheter insertion. Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse in a coronary care unit is admitting a client who has had CPR following a cardiac arrest. The client is receiving lidocaine IV at 2 mg/min. When the client asks the nurse why he is receiving that medication, the nurse should explain that it has which of the following actions?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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