A nurse is assessing a client who has ﬂuid volume deficit. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

Increased BUN

Increased urine ketones

Decreased urine specific gravity

Decreased Hgb

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason: This is correct because BUN stands for blood urea nitrogen, which is a waste product of protein metabolism that is excreted by the kidneys. Increased BUN indicates ﬂuid volume deficit, as the blood becomes more concentrated and the kidneys have less ﬂuid to filter. A normal BUN level is 7 to 20 mg/dL. The nurse should monitor the client's ﬂuid intake and output, weight, and serum electrolytes, and administer ﬂuids as ordered.

Choice B Reason: This is incorrect because urine ketones are not related to ﬂuid volume deficit, but to diabetic ketoacidosis, which is a complication of diabetes mellitus that occurs when the body breaks down fat for energy and produces ketones as a by-product. Increased urine ketones indicate diabetic ketoacidosis, which can cause

dehydration, acidosis, and coma. A normal urine ketone level is negative or trace. The nurse should monitor the client's blood glucose, pH, and bicarbonate levels, and administer insulin and ﬂuids as ordered.

Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because urine specific gravity is a measure of the concentration of solutes in the urine. Decreased urine specific gravity indicates ﬂuid volume excess, as the urine becomes more diluted and the kidneys excrete more ﬂuid. A normal urine specific gravity range is 1.005 to 1.030. The nurse should monitor the client's ﬂuid balance, vital signs, and edema, and administer diuretics as ordered.

Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because Hgb stands for hemoglobin, which is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Decreased Hgb indicates anemia, which is a condition that occurs when the blood has a low number of red blood cells or hemoglobin. Anemia can cause fatigue, weakness, and pallor. A normal Hgb level for adult males is 14 to 18 g/dL and for adult females is 12 to 16 g/dL. The nurse should monitor the client's oxygen saturation, iron level, and blood transfusion needs, and administer iron supplements or erythropoietin as ordered.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A: Sodium 165 mEq/L is incorrect. This value indicates hypernatremia, which is a high level of sodium in the blood. Hypernatremia can be caused by dehydration, but it does not indicate that the client is responding to treatment. A normal sodium level is between 135 and 145 mEq/L.

Choice B: Potassium 5.2 mEq/L is incorrect. This value indicates hyperkalemia, which is a high level of potassium in the blood. Hyperkalemia can be caused by dehydration, but it does not indicate that the client is responding to treatment. A normal potassium level is between 3.5 and 5.0 mEq/L.

Choice C: Urine specific gravity 1.020 is correct. This value indicates that the urine is concentrated, but within the normal range. Urine specific gravity measures the amount of solutes in the urine compared to water. A high urine specific gravity indicates dehydration, while a low urine specific gravity indicates overhydration. A normal urine specific gravity is between 1.005 and 1.030.

Choice D: Hct 62% is incorrect. This value indicates polycythemia, which is a high level of red blood cells in the blood. Polycythemia can be caused by dehydration, but it does not indicate that the client is responding to treatment. A normal hematocrit (Hct) level is between 37% and 52% for men and between 32% and 47% for women.

A. Client is currently prescribed spironolactone. B. Client reports drinking 3.5 to 4 L of water each day. C. Client has an NG tube to gastric suction. D. Client has a history of alcohol abuse disorder.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A: Client is currently prescribed spironolactone is incorrect because spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can cause hyperkalemia, or high potassium level, not hypokalemia, or low potassium level. Spironolactone works by blocking the action of aldosterone, which is a hormone that regulates sodium and potassium balance in the body.

Choice B: Client reports drinking 3.5 to 4 L of water each day is incorrect because drinking excessive water can cause hyponatremia, or low sodium level, not hypokalemia. Hyponatremia occurs when the water intake exceeds the water output, diluting the sodium concentration in the blood.

Choice C: Client has an NG tube to gastric suction is correct because gastric suction can cause hypokalemia by removing gastric ﬂuids that contain potassium. Gastric suction can also cause metabolic alkalosis, which is a condition where the blood pH is high and the HCO3 is high, indicating a loss of metabolic acids or an excess of bicarbonate in the body. Metabolic alkalosis can cause potassium to shift from the extracellular ﬂuid to the intracellular ﬂuid, thus lowering the serum potassium level.

Choice D: Client has a history of alcohol abuse disorder is incorrect because alcohol abuse can cause hypomagnesemia, or low magnesium level, not hypokalemia. Hypomagnesemia occurs when there is inadequate intake or excessive loss of magnesium, which is an essential mineral for many enzymatic reactions in the body.

Hypomagnesemia can impair the secretion and action of parathyroid hormone, which regulates calcium and phosphorus balance in the body.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

A nurse is assessing a client who has ﬂuid volume deficit. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV ﬂuids to correct dehydration. Which of the following laboratory values should indicate to the nurse that the client is eﬀectively responding to treatment?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a potential causative factor?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is reviewing the health problems for a group of assigned patients. Which patient does the nurse recognize as being at increased risk for developing metabolic alkalosis?

An older patient comes into the clinic complaining of watery diarrhea for several days with abdominal and muscle cramping. The nurse realizes that this patient is demonstrating which imbalance?

The nurse is planning care for a patient with severe burns. What health problem should the nurse realize that this patient could develop?

The nurse is concerned that a patient recovering from a thyroidectomy is developing hypocalcemia. What findings did the nurse use to come to this conclusion? Select all that apply.

A nurse is teaching a client who is on a low-sodium diet. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

The patient who has a serum magnesium level of 1.4 mg/dL is being treated with dietary modification. Which foods should the nurse suggest for this patient?

A patient with a history of stomach ulcers is diagnosed with hypophosphatemia. What intervention should the nurse include in this patient's plan of care?

A patient experiencing multisystem ﬂuid volume deficit has tachycardia, pale, cool skin, and decreased urine output. The nurse realizes these findings are most likely a direct result of which process?