A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hyperkalemia?
Wheezing
Decreased deep tendon reflexes
Cerebral edema
Hypoactive bowel sounds
The Correct Answer is B
A. Wheezing is not typically associated with hyperkalemia. It can be seen in conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
B. Hyperkalemia can lead to neuromuscular manifestations, including decreased deep tendon reflexes due to suppression of neuromuscular excitability.
C. Cerebral edema is not a typical manifestation of hyperkalemia. It may occur in conditions such as hyponatremia or severe metabolic acidosis.
D. Gastrointestinal manifestations of hyperkalemia are typically related to smooth muscle involvement and can include hyperactive bowel sounds or diarrhea.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Salicylate intoxication can lead to metabolic acidosis due to the accumulation of salicylic acid, which increases metabolic rate and production of organic acids.
B. Thiazide diuretics can lead to metabolic alkalosis due to the loss of hydrogen and chloride ions.
C. Vomiting can lead to metabolic alkalosis due to the loss of gastric acid.
D. Diarrhea can lead to metabolic acidosis due to the loss of bicarbonate-rich fluids.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) can be affected by factors other than renal function, such as hydration status and protein intake.
B. Serum creatinine is a more specific indicator of renal function because it reflects the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Elevated levels indicate impaired renal function.
C. Urine-specific gravity can provide some information about renal concentrating ability but is not as specific or sensitive as serum creatinine for assessing overall renal function.
D. Serum sodium levels may be affected by various factors, including hydration status and medications, but they do not directly reflect renal function.
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