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A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hyperkalemia?

A.

Wheezing

B.

Decreased deep tendon reflexes

C.

Cerebral edema

D.

Hypoactive bowel sounds

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.    Wheezing is not typically associated with hyperkalemia. It can be seen in conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
B.    Hyperkalemia can lead to neuromuscular manifestations, including decreased deep tendon reflexes due to suppression of neuromuscular excitability.
C.    Cerebral edema is not a typical manifestation of hyperkalemia. It may occur in conditions such as hyponatremia or severe metabolic acidosis.
D.    Gastrointestinal manifestations of hyperkalemia are typically related to smooth muscle involvement and can include hyperactive bowel sounds or diarrhea.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A urine output of 175 ml over 8 hours indicates oliguria, which can be concerning in a client with impaired renal function. It suggests decreased kidney function and inadequate elimination of waste products and fluids, necessitating prompt notification of the healthcare provider.
B. This amount of urine output over 24 hours is within normal range and does not typically warrant immediate notification unless there are other concerning symptoms.
C. Cloudy urine may indicate the presence of urinary tract infection or other issues, but it alone may not require immediate notification of the provider.
D. While strong-smelling urine can be indicative of various conditions, it alone may not necessitate immediate provider notification unless accompanied by other concerning symptoms.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Respiratory Acidosis, both compensated and uncompensated, is characterized by an elevated PaCO2, which is not present in this case.
B. The elevated pH (7.5) and HCO3 (34 mmol/L) indicate metabolic alkalosis. The elevated pH and the slightly elevated PaCO2 (40 mm Hg) suggest the partially compensated state, which is the respiratory compensation attempting to correct the alkalosis.
C. The fact that the PaCO2 is not low rules out respiratory alkalosis.
D. The arterial blood gas values indicate a high pH (7.5), a normal PaCO2 (40 mm Hg), and an elevated HCO3 (34 mmol/L), which are indicative of metabolic alkalosis. However, the elevated pH and the slightly elevated PaCO2 (40 mm Hg) suggest a partially compensated state.

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