A nurse is assessing a client who has a long history of smoking and suspected of having laryngeal cancer. The nurse should anticipate that the client will report that her earliest manifestation was
hoarseness.
dysphagia.
weight loss.
dyspnea.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Hoarseness or changes in voice quality is one of the hallmark symptoms of laryngeal cancer. It occurs due to the tumor affecting the vocal cords or surrounding structures. Hoarseness is often persistent and does not resolve with voice rest or usual treatments for laryngitis.
B. Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, can occur in laryngeal cancer, especially if the tumor affects the structures involved in swallowing. However, dysphagia typically occurs later in the course of the disease as the tumor grows and obstructs the passage of food or liquids.
C. Weight loss can be a symptom of advanced laryngeal cancer but is less commonly reported as an early manifestation. Significant weight loss may occur as a result of difficulty eating due to dysphagia or as a generalized effect of cancer on the body.
D. Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, is not typically an early manifestation of laryngeal cancer unless the tumor is large and obstructs the airway. It is more commonly associated with advanced disease or tumors that have spread to nearby structures.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The flexible metal piece in the medical mask is designed to be shaped around the nose to provide a better fit and seal. Placing it at the bottom is not appropriate.
B. It is important not to touch the front of the mask while wearing it, especially with potentially contaminated gloves or hands. Touching the front of the mask can transfer pathogens from the mask to the hands or vice versa, compromising infection control measures.
C. Medical masks are designed for single use and should be discarded after each use to prevent contamination and ensure effectiveness.
D. You should remove your gloves first before removing your mask to avoid contaminating your face with any pathogens that might be on the gloves.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The water temperature for handwashing should be comfortable and tolerable for the hands. Hot water can be drying to the skin and may not necessarily improve the effectiveness of hand hygiene. Ideally, the water temperature should be warm, but not uncomfortably hot or cold, to encourage thorough handwashing.
B. The amount of soap used for handwashing is important for effective cleaning. Applying 4 to 5 mL (approximately a teaspoon) of liquid soap ensures adequate coverage to create lather and effectively cleanse the hands. Too little soap may not produce enough lather to clean effectively, while too much may be wasteful.
C. During hand hygiene, it's recommended to keep the hands lower than the elbows to prevent water from running from the contaminated area (hands) to the cleaner area (elbows). This helps maintain hygiene and prevents potential contamination of the cleaned hands.
D. After washing hands with soap and water, it's important to dry them thoroughly. However, rubbing hands and arms to dry is not recommended. Instead, hands should be dried using a clean towel or paper towel. Rubbing can cause friction and potential irritation to the skin.
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