A nurse is assessing a client who has a fluid volume deficit. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

Decreased hemoglobin (Hgb)

Increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Increased urine ketones

Decreased urine specific gravity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason:
Decreased hemoglobin (Hgb) levels can be indicative of anemia or blood loss, but they are not typically associated with fluid volume deficit. In cases of fluid volume deficit, the Hgb concentration may actually appear elevated due to hemoconcentration as the plasma volume decreases.

Choice B reason:
Increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels are expected in a fluid volume deficit because as the blood volume decreases, the concentration of solutes like urea can increase. This is often due to decreased renal perfusion and subsequent reduced renal function, leading to less urea being excreted through the kidneys.

Choice C reason:
Increased urine ketones are typically associated with diabetic ketoacidosis or starvation, not directly with fluid volume deficit. Ketones are produced when the body breaks down fats for energy, which is not a process directly related to fluid volume status.

Choice D reason:
Decreased urine specific gravity would not be expected in fluid volume deficit; in fact, one would expect the opposite. Specific gravity measures the kidney's ability to concentrate urine. In fluid volume deficit, the urine specific gravity would likely be increased as the body attempts to conserve water.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Resuming a regular diet immediately after the test may not always be recommended. Depending on the individual's condition and the specific instructions from the healthcare provider, there may be dietary restrictions before or after the procedure.

Choice B reason:

Encouraging fluid intake after the procedure is important because it helps to flush out the contrast dye used during the IVP. Adequate hydration can aid in the elimination of the dye and reduce the risk of kidney damage, especially in individuals with pre-existing kidney conditions.

Choice C reason:

This statement is incorrect. An IVP does not use high-frequency sound waves; it involves taking X-ray images of the urinary tract after a contrast dye is injected into a vein. The dye outlines the kidneys, ureters, and bladder on the X-ray images.

Choice D reason:

The presence of red blood cells in the urinalysis does not typically result in the cancellation of an IVP. However, certain conditions, such as an allergy to the contrast dye or severe kidney impairment, may contraindicate the use of an IVP.

A. The client is Black. B. The client has several sexual partners. C. The client is male. D. The client has sex with men. E. The client is 37 years old.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:
The statement "The client is Black" does not contribute to the risk of chlamydia based on race alone. Chlamydia infection rates are influenced by a variety of factors, including access to healthcare and socioeconomic status, rather than race itself.

Choice B reason:
Having multiple sexual partners significantly increases the risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia because it raises the likelihood of exposure to an infected partner.

Choice C reason:
While being male is not a risk factor in itself, men who have sex with men (MSM) are at a higher risk for STIs like chlamydia due to biological and behavioral factors that facilitate transmission.

Choice D reason:
Engaging in sexual activities with men is a known risk factor for chlamydia among MSM due to the higher prevalence of this STI within this group.

Choice E reason:
The age of 37 does not specifically contribute to the risk of chlamydia. However, chlamydia is more commonly diagnosed in younger individuals, typically those under 25 years old, due to higher rates of new and multiple sexual partnerships.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has a fluid volume deficit. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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