A nurse is admitting a client who has gastroenteritis and is reporting numbness and tingling of the toes and fingers. The nurse should recognize the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Respiratory acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decrease in bicarbonate or an increase in acids, which can be caused by conditions like kidney failure or diabetic ketoacidosis, but it is not typically associated with numbness and tingling.
B.   Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a high pH (>7.45) and a decreased PaCO2 (<35 mm Hg). It typically results from hyperventilation, which leads to excessive elimination of CO2 and subsequent alkalosis. This condition is less likely to occur in gastroenteritis unless there are other complicating factors such as anxiety or pain causing increased respiratory rate.
C.   In the context of gastroenteritis, where there may be a loss of stomach acids through vomiting or diarrhea, the most likely acid-base imbalance would be metabolic alkalosis.
D.   Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH and an elevated PaCO2 (>45 mm Hg). It results from hypoventilation, leading to retention of CO2 and subsequent acidosis. Respiratory acidosis would not typically present with numbness and tingling in the extremities in the context of gastroenteritis.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Offering ice chips, might seem like a safe alternative, but it still poses a risk if the gag reflex is not intact.
B. Assessing the gag reflex is crucial before offering food or fluids to ensure the client can protect their airway and swallow safely. This response prioritizes safety and is appropriate to ensure the client does not aspirate.
C. Calling the healthcare provider to request orders for food and water may be necessary if there are specific protocols or if the client's condition requires further assessment or interventions before oral intake can be resumed. However, this response does not address the immediate need for comfort and hydration.
D. This response involves assessing the client's ability to swallow directly. While it addresses the client's request for water, it may not be the safest initial approach without first assessing the client's readiness and ability to swallow safely.

Correct Answer is ["167"]

Explanation

1 kilogram is equivalent to 2.2 pounds.

The client weighs 245 lbs, which is approximately 111.36 kg (245 lbs / 2.2). The prescribed dosage is 1.5 mg per kilogram.

Therefore, the dosage per dose would be 1.5 mg/kg * 111.36 kg, which equals 167.04 mg. Rounded to the nearest whole number, the nurse should administer 167 mg per dose.

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A nurse is admitting a client who has gastroenteritis and is reporting numbness and tingling of the toes and fingers. The nurse should recognize the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client returns to the unit after having a bronchoscopy. The client states "my throat is so dry. Can I have a glass of water?". How will the nurse respond?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["167"]

Explanation

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