A nurse assesses a diabetic client who is admitted with an acid-base imbalance. The client's arterial blood gas values are pH 7.39, PaCO2 27 mm Hg, and HCO3 19 mEq/L. Which sign or symptom does the nurse identify as an example of the client's compensatory mechanisms?

Increased release of acids from the kidneys.

Increased urinary output.

Increased thirst and hunger.

Increased rate and depth of respirations.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   This is not a compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis. In fact, during metabolic acidosis, the kidneys excrete hydrogen ions (acid) and reabsorb bicarbonate (base) to help normalize the pH of the blood.
B.   Increased urinary output (polyuria) is not typically a direct compensatory response to metabolic acidosis. However, metabolic acidosis can lead to osmotic diuresis in certain conditions, which may increase urinary output as the body tries to excrete excess acids and maintain electrolyte balance.
C.   Increased thirst (polydipsia) and hunger (polyphagia) are not typical compensatory responses to metabolic acidosis. These symptoms are more associated with hyperglycemia in diabetes rather than acid-base disturbances.
D.   During metabolic acidosis, the respiratory system compensates by increasing the rate and depth of respirations (hyperventilation). By blowing off more CO2 (carbon dioxide), the body tries to decrease the

amount of carbonic acid in the blood, thereby increasing the pH towards normal. This compensatory mechanism helps to raise the pH back towards the normal range (7.35-7.45).

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Correct Answer is ["300"]

Explanation

To calculate the volume of IV fluids infused from 0330 to 0600, you would determine the number of hours that have passed.

From 0330 to 0600 is 2.5 hours. Since the IV is infusing at 120 mL/hr, you would multiply the infusion rate by the number of hours. So, 120 mL/hr * 2.5 hours = 300 mL.

Therefore, the nurse should record 300 mL of IV fluids on the intake record at 0600.

Correct Answer is ["167"]

Explanation

1 kilogram is equivalent to 2.2 pounds.

The client weighs 245 lbs, which is approximately 111.36 kg (245 lbs / 2.2). The prescribed dosage is 1.5 mg per kilogram.

Therefore, the dosage per dose would be 1.5 mg/kg * 111.36 kg, which equals 167.04 mg. Rounded to the nearest whole number, the nurse should administer 167 mg per dose.

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A nurse assesses a diabetic client who is admitted with an acid-base imbalance. The client's arterial blood gas values are pH 7.39, PaCO2 27 mm Hg, and HCO3 19 mEq/L. Which sign or symptom does the nurse identify as an example of the client's compensatory mechanisms?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who had IV fluids initiated at 0330. The IV fluids are infusing at 120 mL/hr. The nurse should record how many mL of IV fluids on the intake record at 0600?

Correct Answer is ["300"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["167"]

Explanation

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