A nurse is admitting a child who has leukemia and a critically low platelet count. Which of the following precautions should the nurse initiate?

Neutropenic

Droplet

Bleeding

Contact

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Neutropenic Precautions: Neutropenia refers to a low neutrophil count, a type of white blood cell responsible for fighting infections. While children with leukemia are at risk for neutropenia due to the disease and its treatment, the primary concern in this scenario is the critically low platelet count and the risk of bleeding. Neutropenic precautions focus on preventing infections.

B. Droplet Precautions: Droplet precautions are used when dealing with respiratory infections that are transmitted through respiratory droplets, such as coughing or sneezing. This is not the primary concern for a child with leukemia and a low platelet count, as the main risk is bleeding due to the low platelet count.

C. Bleeding Precautions: Leukemia, especially in a child with a critically low platelet count, puts the child at a high risk of bleeding. Platelets are essential for blood clotting, and when they are severely decreased, even minor injuries can lead to excessive bleeding. The nurse should take precautions to minimize the risk of bleeding. This includes avoiding invasive procedures, using a soft toothbrush, and ensuring that the child does not participate in activities that could result in injury.

D. Contact Precautions: Contact precautions are used to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases through direct contact. While a child with leukemia may have a weakened immune system and be at risk of infections, the primary concern in this case is the critically low platelet count and the risk of bleeding. Contact precautions are more relevant in cases of contagious diseases where physical contact could transmit the infection.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Positive Western blot test: A positive Western blot test confirms HIV infection but doesn't provide information about the current immune status or progression of the disease.

B. CD4-T-cell count 180 cells/mm³.

The CD4-T-cell count is a crucial indicator of a person's immune system function, and it's a primary marker used to monitor the progression of HIV infection. A CD4 count of 180 cells/mm³ is significantly below the normal range (which is typically higher), indicating immunosuppression and an increased risk of opportunistic infections. Maintaining and improving immune function is a top priority in the care of clients with HIV.

C. Platelets 150,000/mm³: Platelet counts are important, but they are not the primary indicator for assessing the progression of HIV.

D. WBC 5.000/mm³: The white blood cell count (WBC) is important for assessing overall immune function, but it doesn't provide the same specific information about the immune system status as the CD4-T-cell count.

A. Thrombocytopenia B. Increased total Iron-binding Capacity C. Decrease Folate Levels D. Microcytic Red Blood Cells

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Thrombocytopenia: Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a low platelet count, and it is not a typical feature of iron-deficiency anemia.

B. Increased Total Iron-binding Capacity: In iron-deficiency anemia, the Total Iron-binding Capacity (TIBC) is typically increased as the body attempts to compensate for the low iron levels by increasing its capacity to bind and transport iron.

C. Decreased Folate Levels: While iron-deficiency anemia and folate-deficiency anemia are both forms of anemia, decreased folate levels are more characteristic of folate-deficiency anemia, which is a separate condition.

D. Microcytic Red Blood Cells.

Iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by a decrease in the body's iron stores, which in turn affects the production of hemoglobin and red blood cells. This results in the formation of microcytic (smaller than normal) red blood cells. These smaller red blood cells are a typical finding in iron-deficiency anemia.

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A nurse is admitting a child who has leukemia and a critically low platelet count. Which of the following precautions should the nurse initiate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV. Which of the following laboratory values is the nurse's priority?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

When caring for a client with iron-deficiency anemia, which abnormal laboratory value will the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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