A nurse in an outpatient clinic is caring for a client.

Exhibits

Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to. assess the client's progress.

The correct answer is Choice D.

Choice A rationale: Acupuncture is typically administered by a trained acupuncturist, not by the nurse. It is not commonly initiated upon arrival at the labor unit.

Choice B rationale: Biofeedback is a technique that usually requires prior training and practice; it is not typically taught for the first time at the beginning of labor.

Choice C rationale: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) can help manage back pain during labor but is not specifically used for pelvic pressure.

Choice D rationale: Using an ultrasound picture as a focal point during contractions is a common nonpharmacological pain management technique. Focal points help the client concentrate and manage pain through visualization and distraction.

The correct answer is D.

Choice A reason: “A. Using this machine increases my risk of overdose.” This statement is incorrect because PCA pumps are designed with safety mechanisms to prevent overdose. The pump is programmed to deliver a specific dose of medication at set intervals, and it will not dispense more medication than what is prescribed by the healthcare provider.

Choice B reason: “B. I can get pain medication any time as long as I press the button.” While it is true that the patient can self-administer medication, PCA pumps have a lockout interval that prevents the machine from delivering another dose until a certain amount of time has passed, ensuring that the patient cannot receive medication too frequently.

Choice C reason: “C. My partner can press my pain medication button for me if I am sleeping.” This statement is incorrect. Only the patient should press the button on the PCA pump to ensure that the medication is administered safely and according to the patient’s current level of pain. Allowing someone else to press the button could lead to unsafe dosing.

Choice D reason: “D. I will receive a limited amount of pain medication when I press the button.” This is the correct statement. The PCA pump allows the patient to administer a controlled amount of pain medication within safe limits set by the healthcare provider. The pump is programmed to deliver a specific dose of medication, and there is a limit to the number of doses that can be administered per hour.