A nurse in an outpatient behavioral facility is caring for a client who has a substance use disorder and a history of violence. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as being consistent with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)? (Select All that Apply.)
"My parents divorced when I was 13 years old."
"We always had plenty of food in the house to eat."
"I was teased at school for wearing dirty clothes every day for weeks,"
"My parents would get in physical altercations."
"My parent went to prison when I was 12 years old."
"My parent would swear often at my sibling and I."
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E,F
A. "My parents divorced when I was 13 years old." Divorce is recognized as an adverse childhood experience (ACE) because it can create emotional instability, financial stress, and changes in family dynamics, potentially affecting long-term mental health outcomes.
B. "We always had plenty of food in the house to eat." Having consistent access to food suggests a stable home environment, which is not classified as an ACE. Adverse experiences often include neglect, which involves a lack of basic needs such as food, shelter, or medical care.
C. "I was teased at school for wearing dirty clothes every day for weeks." Persistent neglect, such as not having clean clothing, can indicate parental neglect—one of the recognized ACEs. This can contribute to feelings of shame, social isolation, and long-term psychological distress.
D. "My parents would get in physical altercations." Witnessing domestic violence is a significant ACE that can lead to long-term emotional trauma, increased risk of anxiety, depression, and difficulty forming healthy relationships later in life.
E. "My parent went to prison when I was 12 years old." Parental incarceration is a recognized ACE, as it can cause emotional distress, economic hardship, and social stigma, increasing the child's risk for mental health disorders and substance use.
F. "My parent would swear often at my sibling and I." Verbal abuse, including frequent swearing or demeaning language, is a form of emotional abuse. Emotional abuse is a major ACE that can contribute to low self-esteem, difficulty regulating emotions, and increased vulnerability to mental health conditions.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Neglect. Neglect involves failing to provide essential care, such as food, medication, or hygiene, leading to harm or risk of harm. In this case, the issue is financial exploitation rather than neglect.
B. Emotional. Emotional abuse includes verbal threats, humiliation, intimidation, or psychological manipulation. While financial exploitation can cause emotional distress, the primary concern in this scenario is unauthorized financial activity.
C. Physical. Physical abuse involves the infliction of bodily harm, such as hitting, pushing, or restraining. There is no indication that the client has suffered physical injury or assault.
D. Economic. Economic (or financial) abuse occurs when a caregiver misuses or exploits an older adult’s financial resources without consent. Writing checks in the client’s name without permission is a clear example of financial exploitation.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Nausea and vomiting. While some antipsychotic medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, nausea and vomiting are not characteristic of tardive dyskinesia. Tardive dyskinesia specifically affects involuntary motor control.
B. Hallucinations and delusions. These are symptoms of psychotic disorders, not side effects of tardive dyskinesia. While some antipsychotic medications can cause paradoxical worsening of psychosis, tardive dyskinesia primarily involves involuntary movements rather than psychiatric symptoms.
C. Seizures and tremors. Some antipsychotics lower the seizure threshold, increasing seizure risk, while tremors are more associated with drug-induced parkinsonism. However, these are different from the repetitive, involuntary movements seen in tardive dyskinesia.
D. Uncontrolled movements around the mouth. Tardive dyskinesia is a serious side effect of long-term antipsychotic use, characterized by involuntary movements, especially around the mouth, tongue, and face (e.g., lip smacking, tongue protrusion, and grimacing). These movements can become permanent, making early detection and intervention crucial.
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