A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a patient with a deep laceration on his left lower forearm. After observing standard precautions, which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Apply a tourniquet just below the elbow.
Elevate the limb and apply ice.
Clean the wound.
Apply pressure above the wound.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Applying a tourniquet just below the elbow is not recommended as the first line of action for a deep laceration unless there is life-threatening hemorrhaging that cannot be controlled by direct pressure. Tourniquets are used as a last resort because they can cause tissue damage.
Choice B reason: Elevating the limb and applying ice can help reduce bleeding and swelling. Elevation uses gravity to help reduce blood flow to the injury, and the cold from the ice constricts blood vessels, further helping to control bleeding and reduce swelling.
Choice C reason: Cleaning the wound is important, but it should not be the first action taken. The initial focus should be on stopping the bleeding. Once bleeding is controlled, the wound can be cleaned to prevent infection.
Choice D reason: Applying pressure directly to the wound with a clean cloth or bandage is the first step in controlling bleeding. However, the question specifies applying pressure above the wound, which would not be effective in controlling bleeding from the wound itself.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: The prone position is not suitable for abdominal paracentesis as it does not allow access to the abdominal cavity.
Choice B reason: The lateral position is also not suitable as it can cause the fluid to shift, making it difficult to remove.
Choice C reason: While the supine position is commonly used for many medical procedures, it is not the best choice for abdominal paracentesis due to the distribution of fluid.
Choice D reason: The upright position is preferred because it allows the fluid to pool at the lowest point of the abdominal cavity, facilitating its removal.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Renal function is not typically reestablished during the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury; this phase is characterized by a significant reduction in urine output due to renal tubule damage.
Choice B reason: BUN and creatinine levels usually increase during the oliguric phase because the kidneys' ability to filter and excrete these waste products is compromised.
Choice C reason: The oliguric phase is defined by a urine output of less than 400 mL per 24 hours, which is a result of decreased kidney function and damage to the renal tubules.
Choice D reason: The GFR does not recover during the oliguric phase; instead, it is typically low due to reduced kidney function. Recovery of GFR occurs later in the recovery phase of acute kidney injury.
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