A nurse in a Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) is assessing a client who has a newly created colostomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

Rose budlike stoma orifice

Stoma oozing red drainage

Shiny, moist stoma

Purplish colored stoma

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: A rosebud like stoma orifice is a normal appearance for a new colostomy, indicating that the stoma is healthy and not in distress.

Choice B reason: Red drainage from a stoma can be normal, especially in the early postoperative period, as the stoma may ooze a small amount of blood. However, if the drainage is excessive or persistent, it should be reported.

Choice C reason: A shiny, moist stoma is also a sign of a healthy stoma. The stoma should be moist and have a pink or red color, similar to the inside of the mouth.

Choice D reason: A purplish colored stoma indicates compromised blood flow and is a sign of ischemia. This is a serious complication that requires immediate medical attention to prevent tissue death.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Urine specific gravity measures the kidney's ability to concentrate urine. A normal range is typically 1.005–1.030. A value of 1.020 indicates adequate hydration and suggests that the patient is responding well to IV fluid therapy.

Choice B reason: Serum sodium levels reflect electrolyte balance. The normal range is 135–145 mEq/L. A level of 165 mEq/L is significantly elevated, indicating hypernatremia, which could be a sign of inadequate hydration and not a positive response to treatment.

Choice C reason: Hematocrit represents the proportion of blood volume occupied by red blood cells. Normal ranges are 38.3–48.6% for men and 35.5–44.9% for women. A hematocrit of 48% is at the upper limit of normal and does not specifically indicate the effectiveness of dehydration treatment.

Choice D reason: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels can indicate renal function and hydration status. The normal range is 7–20 mg/dL. A BUN of 12 mg/dL is within the normal range and does not specifically reflect the patient's response to IV fluids for dehydration.

A. Acute pain B. Ecchymosis of the surrounding skin C. Increasing edema D. Diminishing distal pulse

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Acute pain is expected with a fracture but does not specifically indicate impaired venous return.

Choice B reason: Ecchymosis, or bruising, can occur with a fracture due to bleeding into the tissue but is not a direct indicator of venous return issues.

Choice C reason: Increasing edema is a sign of impaired venous return as it indicates a buildup of fluid in the tissues, which can occur if the veins are not effectively returning blood to the heart.

Choice D reason: A diminishing distal pulse could indicate arterial impairment rather than venous return issues.

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A nurse in a Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) is assessing a client who has a newly created colostomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

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