A nurse in an assisted-living facility reinforcing teaching with staff members about preparing for an external chemical disaster. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

"Open the fireplace dampers day room."

"Move clients to a room above ground with few windows."

"Turn on fans in the facility to circulate air."

"Cover the electrical outlets with wet towels."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Open the fireplace dampers in the day room:
Opening the fireplace dampers in the event of an external chemical disaster would not be appropriate. In fact, this could allow toxic air or chemicals to enter the facility. It is important to seal off ventilation points that might allow the chemicals to enter, such as windows, doors, and any other openings, rather than opening the dampers.

B) Move clients to a room above ground with few windows:
In the event of an external chemical disaster, moving clients to a room above ground with few windows is a key safety measure. Rooms that are above ground level tend to be safer in such situations because chemicals may settle at ground level, increasing exposure risks to those below ground. A room with few windows is also important because it minimizes potential entry points for toxic substances from outside. The focus is on containing the air supply and limiting exposure to harmful agents.

C) Turn on fans in the facility to circulate air:
Turning on fans in the facility during a chemical disaster could worsen the situation by spreading toxic air or chemicals throughout the building. Fans are generally used to circulate air, but in this context, they would not be helpful and could potentially increase exposure to harmful substances. Instead, the focus should be on reducing airflow from the outside and sealing off the building.

D) Cover the electrical outlets with wet towels:
Covering electrical outlets with wet towels is not an effective response to an external chemical disaster. While wet towels can be useful in some scenarios for filtering or protecting from certain substances, in a chemical disaster, the priority is to ensure proper ventilation control and to protect from airborne chemicals by sealing the room. Electrical outlets should be covered for safety only when there is a risk of electrical hazards, but not necessarily in the case of a chemical disaster unless there is specific concern about sparks or fire.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Steatotic liver disease: Steatotic liver disease, or fatty liver disease, is typically associated with excess fat in the liver, often linked to alcohol use, obesity, or diabetes. While it can affect liver function, it is not primarily associated with deficiencies in iron and vitamin B12. Therefore, this condition is not directly related to the lab findings of low iron and vitamin B12.

B) Leukemia: Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow, leading to abnormal white blood cell production. While leukemia can cause anemia as a secondary effect due to bone marrow dysfunction, it is not typically characterized by deficiencies in both iron and vitamin B12 simultaneously. The lab findings are more consistent with a nutritional or absorption issue rather than leukemia.

C) Hepatitis: Hepatitis refers to inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection or other factors. While hepatitis can lead to various blood abnormalities, it is not specifically linked to both iron and vitamin B12 deficiencies. Hepatitis more commonly affects liver function and may cause jaundice, but it does not directly explain low iron and B12 levels.

D) Anemia: Both iron and vitamin B12 are essential for the production of healthy red blood cells. Iron deficiency can lead to iron-deficiency anemia, and vitamin B12 deficiency can cause pernicious anemia. Therefore, low levels of both iron and vitamin B12 suggest the possibility of anemia, and the nurse should monitor the client for signs and symptoms of this condition, such as fatigue, pallor, and weakness.

A. Explain to the client that transfusion reactions are not serious. B. Ensure two nurses confirm the information on the blood label. C. Obtain a large- bore IV catheter. D. Witness the client signing a consent for transfusion. E. Ensure the transfusion tubing is flushed with dextrose 5% in water

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

B. Ensure two nurses confirm the information on the blood label: Before initiating a blood transfusion, two nurses must verify the client’s identity, blood type, and compatibility with the donor blood. This step is essential to prevent transfusion reactions due to mismatched blood.

C. Obtain a large-bore IV catheter: A large-bore IV catheter (18–20 gauge) is necessary to facilitate the transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). A smaller gauge may cause hemolysis or delay administration.

D. Witness the client signing a consent for transfusion: A blood transfusion is an invasive procedure requiring informed consent. The nurse ensures the client understands the risks, benefits, and potential complications before signing the consent form.

Incorrect Options:

A. Explain to the client that transfusion reactions are not serious: This is incorrect because transfusion reactions can range from mild allergic responses to life-threatening anaphylaxis or hemolytic reactions. The nurse should educate the client on symptoms to report, such as fever, chills, or dyspnea.

E. Ensure the transfusion tubing is flushed with dextrose 5% in water: Blood products should only be administered with 0.9% sodium chloride to prevent hemolysis. Using dextrose solutions can cause red blood cell aggregation and clot formation.

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A nurse in an assisted-living facility reinforcing teaching with staff members about preparing for an external chemical disaster. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client and finds both their iron and vitamin B12 levels are below the expected reference range. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following conditions?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

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