A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing data from a client's medical record. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Orthostatic hypotension

BMI of 24

Family history of osteoporosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason:

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is correct. Type 1 diabetes is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease due to its potential impact on blood vessels and the heart over time. Individuals with diabetes, especially poorly controlled diabetes, are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular complications such as heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.

Choice B Reason:

Orthostatic hypotension is incorrect. Orthostatic hypotension refers to a drop-in blood pressure when moving from a lying or sitting position to a standing position. While it can cause symptoms like dizziness or lightheadedness, it's not typically considered a direct risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, it might be associated with other conditions or medications that could contribute to cardiovascular issues indirectly.

Choice C Reason:

BMI of 24 is incorrect. A BMI (Body Mass Index) of 24 falls within the normal weight range. While obesity (especially central obesity or higher BMIs) is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, having a BMI of 24 by itself is not considered a significant risk factor for developing cardiovascular issues.

Choice D Reason:

Family history of osteoporosis is incorrect. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weakened bones, not directly related to cardiovascular disease. A family history of osteoporosis doesn't inherently indicate an increased risk of cardiovascular disease unless there are other associated factors or conditions within the family history that contribute to cardiovascular issues.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Enlarged subclavicular lymph node (A) is not a typical finding associated with acute otitis media. Enlarged lymph nodes in the neck area (cervical lymph nodes) might be observed due to the nearby infection, but the subclavicular lymph nodes are located below the clavicle and are not typically associated with ear infections.

Choice B Reason:

Fever: Infants with acute otitis media often present with a fever. Elevated body temperature is a common symptom of an infection, including ear infections.

Choice C Reason:

Crying: Ear pain is a common symptom of acute otitis media. Infants may express discomfort or pain by crying, especially when lying down due to increased pressure in the middle ear.

Choice D Reason:

Increased appetite is also not a common finding in acute otitis media. Generally, a decrease in appetite might occur due to feeling unwell or discomfort, but increased appetite is not a typical symptom of this condition.

Choice E Reason:

Restlessness: Due to discomfort or pain caused by the ear infection, infants with acute otitis media might exhibit restlessness or irritability.

A. Shrug their shoulders against mild pressure. B. Move their tongue in all directions. C. Follow a light in the six cardinal positions. D. Show their teeth while smiling.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Shrug their shoulders against mild pressure. The accessory nerve controls the movement of the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles. To assess this nerve, the nurse should ask the child to shrug their shoulders against mild resistance or pressure applied by the nurse's hands on the child's shoulders. This action assesses the strength and symmetry of the trapezius muscles.

Choice B Reason:

Move their tongue in all directions. This action assesses the function of the hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII), which controls tongue movement.

Choice C Reason:

Follow a light in the six cardinal positions. This action assesses the function of the extraocular muscles and cranial nerves III, IV, and VI, which control eye movements.

Choice D Reason:

Show their teeth while smiling. This action primarily assesses the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII), which controls facial expressions, including smiling and showing teeth.

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A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing data from a client's medical record. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing an infant who has acute otitis media. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a school-age child's cranial nerve function. Which of the following actions should the nurse ask the child to take when assessing the accessory nerve?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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