A nurse in a provider's office is reinforcing teaching about cigarette smoking with a client. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse include in the teaching?

Choice A Reason:

"I will put soiled dressings in a tied plastic bag before placing them in the trash." This statement indicates an understanding of proper infection prevention practices for someone who is HIV positive. Putting soiled dressings in a tied plastic bag before disposing of them in the trash helps contain potentially infectious materials and reduces the risk of accidental exposure to others.

Choice B Reason:

Using animal-skin condoms is not recommended for individuals with HIV. Latex or polyurethane condoms are recommended because they provide better protection against the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.

Choice C Reason:

Placing used sharp items in an empty cereal box for disposal is not a safe method for handling sharps. Sharps should be disposed of in a puncture-resistant container specifically designed for sharps disposal.

Choice D Reason:

Using a mixture of one part peroxide to ten parts water for disinfecting hard surfaces may not be effective in killing all pathogens. It is better to use a commercially available disinfectant or follow specific guidelines for disinfection recommended by healthcare providers or public health agencies.

a. Memory loss that disrupts ADLs

Explanation: Dementia is a condition characterized by a decline in cognitive function that affects a person's ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs). Memory loss is a common symptom of dementia, particularly in the early stages. The memory loss can disrupt a person's ability to carry out tasks they were previously able to do independently, such as dressing, bathing, and eating. Therefore, option a is the correct answer.

Option b, catatonia, is a condition characterized by a lack of movement or activity, which is not typically associated with dementia.

Option c, illusions, involve a misinterpretation of sensory information and may occur in some forms of dementia but are not a defining feature.

Option d, pressured speech, is a symptom commonly associated with mania or bipolar disorder, but is not typically seen in dementia.