A nurse in a provider's office is preparing to teach a middle adult client who has a new diagnosis of metabolic syndrome and an HbA1c of 6 Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to teach the client about first?
Insulin glargine
Regular insulin
Exenatide
Metformin
The Correct Answer is D
A. Insulin glargine:
Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin used to control blood sugar levels in people with diabetes. However, it is typically not the first-line choice for a client with a new diagnosis of metabolic syndrome and an HbA1c of 6.
B. Regular insulin:
Regular insulin is a short-acting insulin used to control blood sugar levels, but it is not typically the first choice for initial management of metabolic syndrome. It may be considered in certain situations, but other options are often explored first.
C. Exenatide:
Exenatide is a medication that belongs to the class of incretin mimetics and is used to improve blood sugar control. However, it may not be the first choice for initial treatment.
D. Metformin:
This is the correct answer. Metformin is a first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and is commonly used to manage metabolic syndrome. It helps improve insulin sensitivity and reduce glucose production by the liver.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Visual disturbances:
Visual disturbances, such as blurred or yellow-tinted vision, are common signs of digoxin toxicity. Clients should report any changes in vision promptly.
B. Potassium 4.4 mEq/L:
While electrolyte imbalances, particularly low potassium levels, can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity, a potassium level of 4.4 mEq/L is within the normal range and, by itself, does not indicate digoxin toxicity.
C. Insomnia:
Insomnia is not a typical sign of digoxin toxicity. Symptoms of toxicity are more likely to involve the gastrointestinal and visual systems.
D. Sudden weight gain:
Sudden weight gain can be a symptom of heart failure exacerbation but is not a direct indication of digoxin toxicity. Other signs, such as visual disturbances, are more specific to digoxin toxicity.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hypocalcemia: Hydrochlorothiazide is not typically associated with lowering calcium levels. Hypocalcemia is not a common adverse effect of this medication.
B. Hypernatremia: Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that increases urination, leading to the loss of water and sodium. While it can cause sodium depletion, it's less likely to result in hypernatremia, which refers to high sodium levels in the blood.
C. Hypokalemia: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that can increase the excretion of potassium in the urine. Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) is a known adverse effect of this medication due to its action on the kidneys leading to potassium loss.
D. Hypermagnesemia: Hydrochlorothiazide does not typically cause an increase in magnesium levels. It's more likely to cause magnesium loss through increased urination, potentially leading to hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels) rather than hypermagnesemia.
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