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A nurse in a prenatal clinic is reviewing the health record of a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation. The history includes one pregnancy, terminated by elective abortion at 9 weeks; the birth of twins at 36 weeks; and a spontaneous abortion at 15 weeks. According to the GTPAL system, which of thea following describes the client's current status?

40122

20020

40122

30202

None

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

The correct answer is: c. 42022

Choice A: 40122

Reason: This choice is incorrect because it indicates 4 pregnancies (correct), 0 term births (correct), 1 preterm birth (correct), 2 abortions (correct), but 2 living children (incorrect). The client has 2 living children, which is correct, but the term and preterm counts are not accurate.

Choice B: 20020

Reason: This choice is incorrect because it indicates 2 pregnancies (incorrect), 0 term births (correct), 0 preterm births (incorrect), 2 abortions (correct), and 0 living children (incorrect). The client has had 4 pregnancies, 1 preterm birth, and 2 living children.

Choice C: 42022

Reason: This choice is correct. It indicates 4 pregnancies (current pregnancy, elective abortion, twins, spontaneous abortion), 0 term births, 2 preterm births (twins at 36 weeks), 2 abortions (elective at 9 weeks, spontaneous at 15 weeks), and 2 living children (twins).

Choice D:

The GTPAL system is used to assess a client's obstetric history:

G (Gravida): The total number of pregnancies, including the current one.
T (Term births): The number of pregnancies carried to at least 37 weeks.
P (Preterm births): The number of pregnancies delivered between 20 and 36 weeks, 6 days.
A (Abortions): The number of pregnancies ending before 20 weeks (spontaneous or elective).
L (Living children): The number of children currently alive.

For this client:

G (Gravida): 4 (one elective abortion, one twin pregnancy, one spontaneous abortion, and the current pregnancy).

T (Term births): 0 (the twin pregnancy was delivered at 36 weeks, which is preterm).
P (Preterm births): 1 (twins delivered at 36 weeks count as one preterm birth).
A (Abortions): 2 (one elective abortion at 9 weeks, one spontaneous abortion at 15 weeks).
L (Living children): 2 (the twins).

Thus, the GTPAL for this client is 4-0-1-2-2.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) "Maybe next time you can have a vaginal delivery.": This response may not be appropriate as it assumes a future pregnancy and vaginal delivery is guaranteed. It may not address the client's current feelings of disappointment adequately.
B) "It sounds like you are feeling sad that things didn't go as planned.": This is the correct answer as it shows empathy and validates the client's feelings of disappointment. It acknowledges the client's emotions and provides support during this sensitive time.

C) "You can resume sexual relations sooner than if you had delivered vaginally.": While this statement may be true, it is not directly related to the client's expressed feelings of disappointment.
D) "At least you know you have a healthy baby.": This response dismisses the client's feelings and may not be wellreceived, as the client is expressing a desire for emotional support rather
than a reassurance about the baby's health.

A. "You will first feel your baby move in week 24 of pregnancy." B. "The sex of the baby is determined by week 8 of pregnancy." C. "The baby's heartbeat can be seen on ultrasound by about 6 weeks and is audible by a Doppler stethoscope as early as 8 or 9 weeks of pregnancy." D. "Very fine hairs, called lanugo, cover your baby's entire body by week 36 of pregnancy."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A: Fetal movements, also known as quickening, are usually felt by the mother between weeks 18 and 25 of pregnancy, not specifically at week 24.
Choice B: While the sex of the baby is determined at conception, it is not visually identifiable on ultrasound until around week 16 to 20, depending on the fetus's position and the quality of the ultrasound images.
Choice C: The baby's heartbeat can be visualized on ultrasound as early as 6 weeks of pregnancy. It becomes audible using a Doppler stethoscope around 8 to 9 weeks of pregnancy.
Choice D: Lanugo, the fine hair covering the baby's body, usually appears around weeks 20 to 24 of pregnancy and begins to diminish later in pregnancy, not specifically at week 36.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who experienced a cesarean birth due to dysfunctional labor. The client states that she is disappointed that she did not have natural childbirth. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is teaching about fetal development to a group of clients in the antenatal clinic. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is in the first stage of labor, undergoing external fetal monitoring, and receiving IV fluid. The nurse observes variable decelerations in the fetal heart rate on the monitor strip. Which of the following is a correct interpretation of this finding?

A nurse in a prenatal clinic is instructing a client about an amniocentesis, which is scheduled at 15 weeks of gestation. Which of the following should be included in the teaching?

A nurse is caring for a client following an amniotomy who is now in the active phase of the first stage of labor. Which of the following actions should the nurse implement with this client?

A nurse is teaching a group of clients who are in their first trimester about exercise during pregnancy. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is caring for a client who is having a nonstress test performed. The fetal heart rate (FHR) is 130 to 150/min, but there has been no fetal movement for 15 min. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform?

A nurse is observing the electronic fetal heart rate monitor tracing for a client who is at 40 weeks of gestation and is in labor. The nurse should suspect a problem with the umbilical cord when he observes which of the following patterns?

A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is at 39 weeks of gestation and who asks about the signs that precede the onset of labor. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a sign that precedes labor?

A nurse is assessing a client who is in active labor and notes that the presenting part is at 0 station. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of this clinical finding?