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A nurse in a prenatal clinic is reviewing the health record of a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation. The history includes one pregnancy, terminated by elective abortion at 9 weeks; the birth of twins at 36 weeks; and a spontaneous abortion at 15 weeks. According to the GTPAL system, which of thea following describes the client's current status?

40122

20020

40122

30202

None

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

The correct answer is: c. 42022

Choice A: 40122

Reason: This choice is incorrect because it indicates 4 pregnancies (correct), 0 term births (correct), 1 preterm birth (correct), 2 abortions (correct), but 2 living children (incorrect). The client has 2 living children, which is correct, but the term and preterm counts are not accurate.

Choice B: 20020

Reason: This choice is incorrect because it indicates 2 pregnancies (incorrect), 0 term births (correct), 0 preterm births (incorrect), 2 abortions (correct), and 0 living children (incorrect). The client has had 4 pregnancies, 1 preterm birth, and 2 living children.

Choice C: 42022

Reason: This choice is correct. It indicates 4 pregnancies (current pregnancy, elective abortion, twins, spontaneous abortion), 0 term births, 2 preterm births (twins at 36 weeks), 2 abortions (elective at 9 weeks, spontaneous at 15 weeks), and 2 living children (twins).

Choice D:

The GTPAL system is used to assess a client's obstetric history:

G (Gravida): The total number of pregnancies, including the current one.
T (Term births): The number of pregnancies carried to at least 37 weeks.
P (Preterm births): The number of pregnancies delivered between 20 and 36 weeks, 6 days.
A (Abortions): The number of pregnancies ending before 20 weeks (spontaneous or elective).
L (Living children): The number of children currently alive.

For this client:

G (Gravida): 4 (one elective abortion, one twin pregnancy, one spontaneous abortion, and the current pregnancy).

T (Term births): 0 (the twin pregnancy was delivered at 36 weeks, which is preterm).
P (Preterm births): 1 (twins delivered at 36 weeks count as one preterm birth).
A (Abortions): 2 (one elective abortion at 9 weeks, one spontaneous abortion at 15 weeks).
L (Living children): 2 (the twins).

Thus, the GTPAL for this client is 4-0-1-2-2.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is: c. The cervix is 1 cm dilated.

Choice A reason:

The presenting part is 1 cm above the ischial spines. This statement would be documented as -1 station. Fetal station is measured in centimeters relative to the ischial spines, with negative numbers indicating the presenting part is above the spines.

Choice B reason:

The cervix is effaced 1 cm. Effacement is measured in percentages, not centimeters. It refers to the thinning of the cervix, which progresses from 0% (not effaced) to 100% (fully effaced).

Choice C reason:

In obstetrics, a sterile vaginal exam (SVE) is recorded using a standard three-part shorthand: Dilation / Effacement / Station.Dilation: This is always the first number in the sequence. It measures the opening of the cervix from 0 to 10 centimeters. Therefore, if the finding begins with the number 1, it indicates the cervix has opened to a diameter of 1 cm.

Choice D reason:

The presenting part is 1 cm below the ischial spines. This would be documented as +1 station. Positive numbers indicate the presenting part is below the ischial spines, moving towards delivery.

A. 1 cm below the umbilicus B. 3 cm below the umbilicus C. 2 cm above the umbilicus D. 3 cm above the umbilicus

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. 1 cm below the umbilicus: This is too low for a client at 22 weeks of gestation.

B. 3 cm below the umbilicus: This is also too low for a client at 22 weeks of gestation.

C. 2 cm above the umbilicus: At 22 weeks of gestation, the fundus should be palpated about 2 cm above the umbilicus, which is at approximately the level of the maternal belly button.
D. 3 cm above the umbilicus: This is too high for a client at 22 weeks of gestation.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse on the labor and delivery unit is caring for a client following a vaginal examination by the provider, which is documented as: 1/50%/-2. Which of the following interpretations of this finding should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to measure the fundal height of a client who is at 22 weeks of gestation. At which location should the nurse expect to palpate the fundus?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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