A nurse in a mental health unit is discussing consent with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Implied consent cannot be assumed if a client is unable to communicate their wishes in an emergency situation.
A nurse can explain the benefits and risks of treatment to a client to obtain informed consent.
Informed consent must include information about potential alternative treatments that are available to the client.
Implied consent cannot be assumed until a client verbalizes their desire to receive treatment.
The Correct Answer is C
A. "Implied consent cannot be assumed if a client is unable to communicate their wishes in an emergency situation." In emergencies, implied consent is assumed if immediate treatment is necessary to prevent harm.
B. "A nurse can explain the benefits and risks of treatment to a client to obtain informed consent." Only the provider (physician, NP, or PA) can obtain informed consent; the nurse can reinforce and clarify information but not obtain it.
C. "Informed consent must include information about potential alternative treatments that are available to the client." Informed consent requires the provider to discuss potential alternative treatments, risks, benefits, and consequences of refusal.
D. "Implied consent cannot be assumed until a client verbalizes their desire to receive treatment." Implied consent can be assumed based on actions, such as extending an arm for a blood draw.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Interrupt the client's statement to clarify thoughts or ideas. Interrupting can make the client feel unheard and disrupt the flow of conversation.
B. Show emotion when a client is disclosing sensitive information. While empathy is important, the nurse should remain professional and composed to provide objective support.
C. Keep direct eye contact to a minimum. Avoiding eye contact may appear disinterested or disengaged.
D. Avoid looking at other clients on the unit. Maintaining focus on the client demonstrates active listening, engagement, and respect.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. SMI (Serious Mental Illness): SMI refers to chronic mental health conditions, not childhood neglect.
B. ACES (Adverse Childhood Experiences): ACES describe traumatic events in childhood, including neglect, which increase lifelong health risks.
C. MLPS (Medical-Legal Partnership Services): MLPS focuses on integrating legal assistance into healthcare, not childhood trauma.
D. SE model (Social-Ecological Model): The SE model examines how individual, relationship, community, and societal factors impact health but does not define childhood neglect.
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