A nurse educator who leads a residency program for new nurses is educating the new nurses on the trajectory of chronic illness. The nurse recognizes a need for further teaching when one of the new nurses states which of the following?

"A primary goal when caring for clients who have a chronic illness is to cure them of the condition."

"Clients with chronic illness may have to dedicate a lot of time to managing their disease."

"Individuals with the same chronic illness may experience a completely different trajectory of the illness."

"The client and caregiver should be educated on the prescribed treatment plan."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   This statement is incorrect because many chronic illnesses are not curable. The goal of care for chronic illnesses is often to manage the condition, improve quality of life, and prevent complications, rather than achieving a complete cure.
B.   This statement is accurate. Managing a chronic illness often requires significant time and effort, including medication adherence, lifestyle changes, and regular medical appointments.
C.   The trajectory of a chronic illness can vary greatly between individuals, even those with the same condition. Factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and access to care can influence the course of the illness.
D.   This statement is accurate. Educating the client and caregiver about the prescribed treatment plan is essential for optimal management of chronic illnesses. This includes understanding medication dosages, side effects, and lifestyle modifications.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Mucositis and diarrhea are side effects commonly associated with chemotherapy but are not directly related to myelosuppression. These symptoms are due to the impact of chemotherapy on rapidly dividing cells in the gastrointestinal tract.
B. Nausea and vomiting are common side effects of chemotherapy, primarily due to the treatment's impact on the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system.
C. Fever and chills are manifestations directly related to myelosuppression. Myelosuppression leads to a decrease in white blood cells (leukocytes), which compromises the immune system. This increased susceptibility to infection can result in symptoms such as fever and chills. These symptoms are indicative of potential infections or sepsis, which are more common in patients with compromised immune systems due to myelosuppression.

D. Alopecia (hair loss) and weight loss are common side effects of chemotherapy, but they are not directly related to myelosuppression. Alopecia results from the effects of chemotherapy on rapidly dividing hair follicle cells, while weight loss can be a consequence of changes in metabolism or appetite due to chemotherapy.

A. Fluid volume deficit B. Bradycardia C. Hypertension D. Hyperglycemia

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Fluid volume deficit, or dehydration, occurs when the body loses more fluid than it takes in. In this case, the patient has very low urine output, indicating that the kidneys are not excreting enough fluid. Despite the low urine output, the presence of pitting edema suggests that the patient is actually retaining fluid rather than losing it.
B. Bradycardia is defined as a heart rate slower than 60 beats per minute. While electrolyte imbalances and fluid imbalances can affect heart rate, bradycardia is not the primary concern associated with the combination of pitting edema and low urine output in this situation.
C. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a common complication in acute glomerulonephritis. The condition often leads to fluid retention due to reduced kidney function and increased sodium and fluid retention. The presence of pitting edema and very low urine output suggests that the kidneys are not effectively removing excess fluid, which can lead to increased blood pressure.
D. Hyperglycemia refers to elevated blood glucose levels. Acute glomerulonephritis is not directly associated with hyperglycemia. While patients with diabetes can develop renal issues, hyperglycemia itself is not a typical direct complication of acute glomerulonephritis.

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A nurse educator who leads a residency program for new nurses is educating the new nurses on the trajectory of chronic illness. The nurse recognizes a need for further teaching when one of the new nurses states which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who is receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer is experiencing myelosuppression as a side effect of the treatment. Which of the following is a manifestation directly related to myelosuppression?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis has pitting edema in both feet, and has had 300 mL of urine output in the last 24 hours. The nurse should monitor this client for which complication associated with this finding?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is reviewing the results of the client's echocardiogram and observes that the ejection fraction is 30%. Which lab result would the nurse expect to be elevated for a client with this ejection fraction?

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A nurse is admitting a client who has Guillain-Barre syndrome. The client complains of an inability to move both legs and reports a tingling sensation above the waistline. Which is the most important piece of equipment for the nurse to keep at this client's bedside?

A nurse is caring for a client who has inflammation of the glomeruli which was discovered by a routine urinalysis. The nurse understands that which of the following autoimmune disorders can cause chronic glomerulonephritis?

A client has been on daily, high-dose prednisone therapy to treat an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis. His prescription runs out before his next paycheck. He decides to skip his prednisone for a few days. What is likely to happen to this patient when he abruptly stops taking prednisone?

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