A nurse cares for four patients who are receiving clozapine, lithium, fluoxetine, and venlafaxine, respectively. For which patient should the nurse be most alert for alterations in cardiac or cerebral electrical conductivity as well as fluid and electrolyte imbalance? The patient receiving:

fluoxetine (Prozac)

Lithium (Lithobid)

venlafaxine (Effexor)

clozapine (Clozari)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. fluoxetine (Prozac):

Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. While SSRIs can have side effects, significant alterations in cardiac or cerebral electrical conductivity and fluid/electrolyte imbalance are not typically associated with fluoxetine. The primary concerns with SSRIs are related to serotonin levels and can include gastrointestinal disturbances, insomnia, and sexual dysfunction.

B. Lithium (Lithobid):

This is the correct answer. Lithium is known to have potential side effects related to cardiac and cerebral function, as well as fluid and electrolyte balance. Monitoring blood levels of lithium is crucial to avoid toxicity, which can affect the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. Lithium toxicity can lead to symptoms such as tremors, confusion, ataxia, and, in severe cases, seizures.

C. venlafaxine (Effexor):

Venlafaxine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) commonly used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. While it can cause some cardiovascular effects, the concern for significant alterations in cardiac or cerebral electrical conductivity and fluid/electrolyte imbalance is generally lower compared to lithium. The primary side effects of venlafaxine are related to serotonin and norepinephrine levels and may include increased blood pressure and heart rate.

D. clozapine (Clozaril):

Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia. While antipsychotics can have side effects related to metabolic changes, significant alterations in cardiac or electrolyte imbalances are not typically associated with clozapine as the primary concern. Regular monitoring for metabolic side effects, such as weight gain and changes in lipid and glucose levels, is important with antipsychotic medications.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Correct. Using the proportion, the correct dose of fluoxetine (Prozac) for the prescribed 60 mg is 15 mL.

B. Incorrect. This is not the correct dose. The correct dose is 15 mL, not 20 mL.

C. Incorrect. This is not the correct dose. The correct dose is 15 mL, not 25 mL.

D. Incorrect. This is not the correct dose. The correct dose is 15 mL, not 10 mL.

A. hypotensive shock B. hypertensive crisis C. cardiac dysrhythmia D. cardiogenic shock

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hypotensive shock: This is not the correct answer. MAO inhibitors are not associated with causing hypotensive shock. In fact, they can lead to an increase in blood pressure.

B. Hypertensive crisis: This is the correct answer. MAO inhibitors interact with certain foods and drugs, such as those containing tyramine, leading to an increased risk of a hypertensive crisis. Foods rich in tyramine, such as aged cheeses, certain wines, and some processed meats, can cause a sudden and dangerous increase in blood pressure when combined with MAO inhibitors.

C. Cardiac dysrhythmia: While all medications have potential side effects, MAO inhibitors are not typically associated with causing cardiac dysrhythmias.

D. Cardiogenic shock: MAO inhibitors are not known to cause cardiogenic shock. The primary concern with MAO inhibitors is the potential for a hypertensive crisis due to interactions with specific foods and drugs.

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A nurse cares for four patients who are receiving clozapine, lithium, fluoxetine, and venlafaxine, respectively. For which patient should the nurse be most alert for alterations in cardiac or cerebral electrical conductivity as well as fluid and electrolyte imbalance? The patient receiving:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client diagnosed with bulimia nervosa is to receive fluoxetine (Prozac) by oral solution. The medication is supplied in a 100-ml bottle. The label reads 20 mg/5mL.. The doctor orders 60 mg q day. Which dose of this medication should the nurse dispense?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse instructs a patient taking a drug that inhibits monoamine oxidase (MAO) to avoid certain foods and drugs because of the risk of:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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