A nurse can anticipate teaching a patient to expect anticholinergic side effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision, mydriasis, constipation, and urinary retention when they are prescribed which medication?

buspirone

lithium

imipramine

risperidone

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Buspirone – This anxiolytic does not typically cause significant anticholinergic effects.

B. Lithium – Common side effects include tremor, polyuria, and mild gastrointestinal upset, not prominent anticholinergic effects.

C. Imipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant, has strong anticholinergic properties, leading to dry mouth, blurred vision, mydriasis, constipation, and urinary retention.

D. Risperidone – An atypical antipsychotic; anticholinergic effects are minimal compared to tricyclic antidepressants.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Thyroid function tests are not routinely required for valproate therapy; this applies more to lithium therapy.

B. A pretreatment EEG is not necessary before starting valproate; it is used primarily for seizure evaluation.

C. Valproate can cause hepatotoxicity, so monitoring liver function tests (LFTs) before and during therapy is essential for safety.

D. High serum sodium levels are not related to valproate toxicity; this concern is associated with lithium therapy, not valproate.

A. is attempting to obtain attention by manipulating staff. B. has symptoms of alcohol withdrawal delirium. C. may have sustained a head injury before admission. D. is having an acute psychosis.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The patient’s symptoms are physiological and neurological, not intentional behaviors for attention.

B. Alcohol withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens) typically occurs 48–72 hours after the last drink and includes tremors, agitation, anxiety, diaphoresis, tachycardia, hallucinations, and nightmares—all present in this patient.

C. Although head injury can cause confusion and agitation, the timing of symptoms following alcohol withdrawal aligns more closely with delirium tremens.

D. Acute psychosis can present with hallucinations, but in this case, the onset following alcohol cessation and accompanying autonomic hyperactivity point toward alcohol withdrawal delirium.

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A nurse can anticipate teaching a patient to expect anticholinergic side effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision, mydriasis, constipation, and urinary retention when they are prescribed which medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has bipolar disorder and a new prescription for valproate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client al t about the use of this medication?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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