A nurse is discussing legal exceptions to client confidentiality with nursing staff. Which of the following statements by a staff member indicates an understanding?

"The legal requirement for client confidentiality does not apply if the client is deceased."

"Staff members are required to divulge information regarding a client's hospitalization to a client's employer."

Providers are required to warn Individuais if the client threatens harm.

"Health care workers can use client confidentiality for their own legal defense.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

The statement "Providers are required to warn individuals if the client threatens harm" demonstrates an understanding of the legal exception known as the duty to warn or protect. It means that if a client expresses an intent to harm themselves or others, healthcare providers have a legal obligation to take appropriate actions, which may include notifying potential victims or authorities.

Incorrect:

1.   "The legal requirement for client confidentiality does not apply if the client is deceased." - This statement is incorrect. Client confidentiality extends even after a client's death, and healthcare professionals are still expected to maintain confidentiality regarding the client's health information.
2.   "Staff members are required to divulge information regarding a client's hospitalization to a client's employer." - This statement is incorrect. Healthcare professionals are required to maintain client confidentiality and cannot disclose a client's health information to their employer without the client's explicit consent or as mandated by specific legal requirements.
3.   "Healthcare workers can use client confidentiality for their own legal defense." - This statement is incorrect. Client confidentiality is meant to protect the client's privacy and
maintain trust. It cannot be used by healthcare workers as a defense mechanism in legal matters.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Answer: (D) Suppression

Rationale:

A) Dissociation: Dissociation involves a disconnection from reality or the separation of thoughts, memories, or identity from conscious awareness. In this scenario, the client is not displaying any signs of disconnecting from reality or avoiding awareness of the situation through dissociation, making this defense mechanism unlikely.

B) Projection: Projection occurs when an individual attributes their own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to others. The client in this situation is not blaming others or attributing their actions to someone else, so projection is not the defense mechanism being demonstrated here.

C) Intellectualization: Intellectualization involves using reasoning or logic to avoid emotional stress or anxiety. While the client does mention logical-sounding plans about things working out next week, their overall response does not primarily reflect an avoidance of emotion through reasoning, so intellectualization is not the correct choice.

D) Suppression: Suppression is the conscious decision to delay paying attention to an emotion or need in order to cope with the present situation. The client acknowledges the stress of being fired but chooses to push aside their distress by stating that "everything will work out somehow next week," indicating they are consciously choosing to set aside their anxiety for the time being. This aligns with the concept of suppression.

A. Orientation to reality B. Remotivation C. Validation D. Guided imagery

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Validation is a technique used to acknowledge and validate the emotions and experiences of individuals with dementia, even if their thoughts or perceptions do not align with reality. In this scenario, the nurse responds by saying, "You miss your mother," which shows understanding and empathy toward the client's emotions. The nurse is validating the client's feelings rather than attempting to correct or redirect their thoughts.

A. Orientation to reality involves providing factual information and attempting to reorient individuals with dementia to the present time, place, and situation.

B. Remotivation is a technique used to stimulate memories and engage individuals with dementia in meaningful activities.

D. Guided imagery involves using vivid language and descriptive prompts to guide individuals into imagining pleasant or calming scenes.

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A nurse is discussing legal exceptions to client confidentiality with nursing staff. Which of the following statements by a staff member indicates an understanding?

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has dementia and is agitated. The client says, "I have to go home and see my mother." The nurse replies, "You miss your mother." Which of the following therapeutic techniques is the nurse using?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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