A newborn tests positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Which of the following should the nurse administer?

Hepatitis B vaccine monthly until the newborn tests negative for the hepatitis B surface antigen.

Hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth.

Hepatitis B immune globulin at 1 week followed by hepatitis B vaccine monthly for 6 months.

Hepatitis B vaccine at 24 hours followed by hepatitis B immune globulin every 12 hours for 3 days.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
While the hepatitis B vaccine is an important part of preventing hepatitis B infection, it is not typically given on a monthly basis until the newborn tests negative for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Instead, the vaccine is usually given in a series of three to four doses over a six-month period.
Choice B rationale
For newborns who test positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen, the current recommendation is to administer both the hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the

hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth. The HBIG provides immediate, short-term protection against the virus, while the vaccine stimulates the newborn’s immune system to provide long-term protection.
Choice C rationale
While the hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the hepatitis B vaccine are both important for preventing hepatitis B infection in newborns, they are not typically administered in the manner described in this choice. The HBIG is usually given once, within 12 hours of birth, while the vaccine is given in a series of three to four doses over a six-month period.
Choice D rationale
The hepatitis B vaccine is typically given within 24 hours of birth, but it is not followed by doses of the hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) every 12 hours for three days. Instead, a single dose of HBIG is usually given within 12 hours of birth, along with the first dose of the vaccine.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Given the frequency and duration of the contractions, along with the maternal and fetal vital signs, it is important to notify the healthcare provider immediately. These could be signs of labor progression and the healthcare provider can provide further instructions based on the clinical situation.
Choice B rationale
While managing pain is important, the priority in this situation is to communicate with the healthcare provider due to the frequency of contractions and the vital signs.
Choice C rationale

Having the patient void is not the priority in this situation. While a full bladder can affect labor progression, the frequency of contractions and the vital signs take precedence.
Choice D rationale
Positioning the patient with one hip elevated is not the priority in this situation. This position is often used to alleviate supine hypotensive syndrome, but the patient’s blood pressure is not indicating this condition.

A. A newborn who is 24 hours post-delivery and has not voided B. A newborn who is 18 hours post-delivery and has acrocyanosis C. A newborn who is 12 hours post-delivery and has a temperature of 37.5°C (99.5°F) D. A newborn who is 24 hours post-delivery and has not passed meconium

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
A newborn typically begins to void within 24 hours after birth, so not voiding within this time frame is not immediately concerning.
Choice B rationale

Acrocyanosis, or bluish discoloration of the hands and feet, is common in newborns, especially within the first few hours after birth. It is a normal finding and does not require immediate intervention.
Choice C rationale
A temperature of 37.5°C (99.5°F) is within the normal range for a newborn. Therefore, this does not require immediate attention.
Choice D rationale
Newborns typically pass meconium, the first stool, within 24 to 48 hours after birth. If a newborn has not passed meconium within 24 hours, it could indicate a problem such as meconium ileus, a complication of cystic fibrosis, or other conditions that might obstruct the bowel. This situation requires immediate attention and intervention.

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A newborn tests positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Which of the following should the nurse administer?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse in the newborn unit is caring for several infants. Which of the following situations requires the nurse's immediate attention and intervention?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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