A nurse is educating the mother of a newborn who was born small for gestational age. Which of the following should the nurse include as a potential cause of this condition?
Perinatal asphyxia.
Preterm delivery.
Fetal hyperinsulinemia.
Placental insufficiency.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Perinatal asphyxia refers to a lack of oxygen flow to the fetus around the time of birth. This can lead to multiple organ dysfunction and neurological issues, but it is not a common cause of a newborn being small for gestational age.
Choice B rationale
Preterm delivery can result in a newborn being small for their gestational age simply because they have not had the full amount of time to grow in the womb. However, preterm babies are typically compared to other preterm babies when assessing size, not to full-term babies.
Choice C rationale
Fetal hyperinsulinemia, or an excess of insulin in the fetus, can lead to excessive growth and a larger-than-average baby size (macrosomia), not a smaller size.
Choice D rationale
Placental insufficiency, where the placenta does not work as well as it should, can limit the amount of oxygen and nutrients the fetus receives. This can restrict the baby’s growth, leading to a small size for gestational age.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Hydrocephalus is a condition where there is an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain, causing increased pressure inside the skull. This can cause dilated veins on the scalp in a newborn.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C: Respiratory rate.
Choice A rationale:
Fetal heart rate (FHR) is an important assessment for clients experiencing preterm labor, but it is not the priority assessment when administering magnesium sulfate. FHR monitoring is crucial to ensure fetal well-being but is not directly related to the potential adverse effects of magnesium sulfate.
Choice B rationale:
Temperature is an essential assessment parameter, but it is not the priority in this case. Magnesium sulfate administration can cause adverse effects, particularly on the respiratory system, which should be closely monitored.
Choice C rationale:
Respiratory rate is the correct choice because respiratory rate is a priority assessment when administering magnesium sulfate. The drug can cause respiratory depression and other respiratory complications, so monitoring the respiratory rate is essential to ensure the client's safety.
Choice D rationale:
Bowel sounds are not a priority assessment for a client receiving magnesium sulfate. While gastrointestinal side effects can occur with magnesium sulfate use, respiratory assessments take precedence.
In conclusion, the priority nursing assessment for a client receiving magnesium sulfate is the respiratory rate due to the potential respiratory complications associated with the drug. Monitoring respiratory function closely can help prevent adverse outcomes and ensure the client's safety during treatment.
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