A client with metastatic cancer reports a pain level of 10 on a scale of 0 to 10. Twenty minutes after the nurse administers an IV analgesic, the client reports no pain relief. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in this client's plan of care?

Replace transdermal analgesic patches every 72 hours.

Administer analgesics on a fixed and continuous schedule.

Monitor client for break through pain.

Frequently evaluate the client's pain.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C. Breakthrough pain is a transient exacerbation of pain that occurs despite the use of around- the-clock analgesics for persistent pain. Breakthrough pain episodes require rapid intervention with additional analgesics or adjustments to the current pain management regimen to provide adequate pain relief and improve the client's quality of life.
A. Replacing transdermal analgesic patches every 72 hours is important for ensuring consistent delivery of medication, but it is not directly related to addressing breakthrough pain.
B. Administering analgesics on a fixed and continuous schedule is important for maintaining baseline pain control, but it may not address breakthrough pain adequately.
D. Frequently evaluating the client's pain is essential, but monitoring specifically for breakthrough pain ensures timely intervention when pain exacerbations occur.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. One of the hallmark features of ADC is the development of cognitive impairment, including changes in memory, concentration, and problem-solving abilities. The change in handwriting (graphomotor impairment) is a specific neurological symptom that may indicate cognitive dysfunction and is consistent with the diagnosis of AIDS dementia.
A. This symptom suggests emotional distress or mood disturbances, which can occur in individuals with HIV/AIDS due to the psychological impact of the diagnosis and the uncertainty surrounding the disease progression. However, it is not specific to AIDS dementia
B. Increased sleepiness or hypersomnia can occur in individuals with AIDS dementia due to disruptions in sleep-wake cycles and alterations in brain function. However, increased sleepiness alone is not specific to AIDS dementia
D. Social withdrawal or isolation can occur in individuals with HIV/AIDS due to various reasons, including stigma, depression, or physical symptoms. However, it is not specific to AIDS dementia.

A. Neutrophil count. B. Blood pH level. C. Serum albumin. D. Platelet count.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell involved in the body's immune response, particularly in fighting bacterial infections. In the context of burns, especially full-thickness burns with purulent drainage, an elevated neutrophil count (neutrophilia) may indicate an ongoing infection. Burn wounds are susceptible to bacterial colonization and infection due to the loss of the skin's protective barrier.
B. Blood pH level refers to the acidity or alkalinity of the blood. While maintaining normal blood pH is crucial for overall health, changes in blood pH are not typically directly related to the presence of purulent drainage in burn wounds.
C. Serum albumin is a protein found in the blood that plays a role in maintaining osmotic pressure and transporting various substances, including drugs and hormones. Low serum albumin levels (hypoalbuminemia) can occur in individuals with severe burns due to increased protein loss through damaged skin and decreased protein synthesis. However, it is not directly related to evaluating purulent drainage from burn wounds.
D. Platelet count: Platelets are blood cells involved in clotting, which is essential for wound healing. While thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) can occur in individuals with severe burns,it is not directly related to assessing infection in burn wounds.

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A client with metastatic cancer reports a pain level of 10 on a scale of 0 to 10. Twenty minutes after the nurse administers an IV analgesic, the client reports no pain relief. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in this client's plan of care?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A family suspects that AIDS dementia is occurring in their adult child who is HIV positive. Which symptom confirms the suspicion?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

While caring for a client with full thickness burns covering 40% of the body, the nurse observes purulent drainage from the wounds. Before reporting this finding to the healthcare provider, the nurse should evaluate which laboratory value?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is admitting a client with possible tuberculosis (TB). The client is placed in a private room with airborne precautions pending diagnostic test results. Which diagnostic test should the nurse review to confirm the diagnosis of TB?

The nurse is caring for a client receiving thrombolytic therapy following an acute myocardial infarction (MI). Which nursing problem should the nurse identify as priority for this client?

A client who fractured the right femur from a fall at home is placed in traction while awaiting surgery. When the client informs the nurse of the need to urinate, which intervention should the nurse implement?

A client presents with the onset of a severe headache, fever, nuchal rigidity, and a petechial rash on arms and legs. The nurse recognizes the client is exhibiting symptoms of which condition?

Patient Data Exhibits What finding(s) are cues for a respiratory problem? Select all that apply.

In assessing a client with skin ulcers on the lower extremity, which findings indicate that the ulcers are likely to be of venous, rather than arterial, origin?