A client with diabetes insipidus (DI) has an average urinary output of 500 ml. of dilute urine every hour for the last 4 hours. Which laboratory test is most important for the nurse to monitor?

White blood cell count.

Capillary glucose.

Urine specific gravity.

Serum sodium.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A)   Incorrect- This test is used to assess for infection or inflammation and is not specifically related to monitoring diabetes insipidus.
B)   Incorrect- This test is used to monitor blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus.
C)   Incorrect- While urine specific gravity can provide information about urine concentration, it is not the most important laboratory test to monitor in a client with diabetes insipidus. Serum sodium level is a more critical indicator of electrolyte balance and potential complications in DI.
D)   Correct- Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a condition characterized by excessive thirst and urination due to the body's inability to regulate fluid balance. In DI, the body either lacks antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys, or the kidneys are resistant to its effects. As a result, clients with DI can produce large volumes of dilute urine. The most significant concern in DI is the potential for electrolyte imbalances, particularly low serum sodium levels (hyponatremia). Excessive loss of water in the urine can lead to dehydration and concentration of the blood's sodium levels. This can result in neurological symptoms, such as confusion, seizures, and even coma. Monitoring the serum sodium level is crucial to ensure that it remains within a safe range.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The rash described, pink papular rash with vesicles, is consistent with erythema toxicum neonatorum, which is a common skin condition that affects up to 50% of newborns. It typically appears within the first few days of life and resolves without treatment within 5-7 days. The rash is benign and does not require any specific treatment or intervention.

The rash is not due to distended oil glands or a medication reaction, and there is no indication in the scenario that the healthcare provider needs to be notified about the rash. Erythema toxicum neonatorum is a self-limited condition that resolves on its own, so reassurance and education for the parents are appropriate interventions.

A. Repeat information to the client. B. Write information on a whiteboard. C. Talk loudly into the affected ear. D. Speak directly facing the client.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Incorrect- While repeating information can be helpful, it might not address the specific needs of a client with unilateral hearing loss. Simply repeating information may not improve comprehension if the client's hearing loss is in one ear.
B) Correct- Providing education for a client with unilateral hearing loss requires consideration of their specific communication needs. Writing information on a whiteboard allows the client to visually process the information, which can be particularly helpful for those with hearing loss in one ear. This method ensures that the client can access the information accurately and effectively.
C) Incorrect- Speaking loudly into the affected ear is not a recommended approach. It can be uncomfortable for the client and may not necessarily improve communication if the hearing loss is unilateral.
D) Incorrect- While speaking directly facing the client is a good practice in general, it may not fully address the communication challenges of someone with unilateral hearing loss. Providing visual information through writing is a more effective way to ensure the client receives the information accurately.

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A client with diabetes insipidus (DI) has an average urinary output of 500 ml. of dilute urine every hour for the last 4 hours. Which laboratory test is most important for the nurse to monitor?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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