A client with chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis exhibits redness, tenderness, and drainage around the catheter site on the abdominal wall. While planning care, the nurse is most concerned about preventing which complication related to these findings?

Outflow obstruction.

Exit site infection.

Atelectasis

Peritonitis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

B. Redness, tenderness, and drainage around the catheter site are classic signs of an exit site infection in peritoneal dialysis. Exit site infections are a common complication of peritoneal dialysis and can lead to more serious complications, such as peritonitis, if not promptly treated. Preventing exit site infections through proper catheter care and hygiene is essential in peritoneal dialysis management.
A. While outflow obstruction can occur in peritoneal dialysis, it typically presents with symptoms such as poor drainage of dialysate fluid, abdominal discomfort, and a decrease in dialysis efficiency. The described findings of redness, tenderness, and drainage around the catheter site are more indicative of a localized issue rather than outflow obstruction.
C. Atelectasis refers to the collapse of a part or the entire lung. While it can occur in hospitalized patients, especially those with underlying respiratory conditions, the described findings are not indicative of atelectasis. Atelectasis typically presents with symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and decreased breath sounds on auscultation.
D. Peritonitis is a severe complication of peritoneal dialysis characterized by inflammation and infection of the peritoneal lining. While redness, tenderness, and drainage around the catheter site may precede peritonitis, the focus of concern in this scenario is primarily on preventing exit site infection, which, if left untreated, can progress to peritonitis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. One of the hallmark features of ADC is the development of cognitive impairment, including changes in memory, concentration, and problem-solving abilities. The change in handwriting (graphomotor impairment) is a specific neurological symptom that may indicate cognitive dysfunction and is consistent with the diagnosis of AIDS dementia.
A. This symptom suggests emotional distress or mood disturbances, which can occur in individuals with HIV/AIDS due to the psychological impact of the diagnosis and the uncertainty surrounding the disease progression. However, it is not specific to AIDS dementia
B. Increased sleepiness or hypersomnia can occur in individuals with AIDS dementia due to disruptions in sleep-wake cycles and alterations in brain function. However, increased sleepiness alone is not specific to AIDS dementia
D. Social withdrawal or isolation can occur in individuals with HIV/AIDS due to various reasons, including stigma, depression, or physical symptoms. However, it is not specific to AIDS dementia.

A. Restrict physical activities. B. Use incentive spirometer. C. Report when hematuria becomes pink tinged. D. Monitor urinary stream for decrease in output.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Complete restriction of physical activities is not necessary. The nurse should provide guidance on gradually resuming normal activities based on the healthcare provider's recommendations.

B. Incentive spirometer is not directly related to the management or recovery following TUNA for BPH. This device is typically used to improve lung function and prevent respiratory complications, which may not be a primary concern in this scenario.

C.While clients should monitor hematuria, the primary focus post-TUNA is on urinary output and function rather than just the color of the urine. Changes in hematuria color are important, but they may not directly correlate to urgent issues.
D. After TUNA, clients need to be vigilant about their urinary output because a decrease can indicate complications such as re-obstruction, which is a significant concern following the procedure. Monitoring urinary stream is essential for detecting potential issues early, making this the best choice for discharge instructions.

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A client with chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis exhibits redness, tenderness, and drainage around the catheter site on the abdominal wall. While planning care, the nurse is most concerned about preventing which complication related to these findings?

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