A client will soon begin long-term treatment with hydrocortisone after being diagnosed with Addison's disease. In order to mitigate the potential adverse effect of this treatment regimen, the nurse should encourage the client to increase the intake of what nutrient?

Sodium

Potassium

Calcium

Water

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of the hormone cortisol, which is produced by the adrenal glands. Addison's disease is a condition in which the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol and other hormones. Treatment with hydrocortisone is a lifelong therapy that replaces the missing hormones.

One of the potential adverse effects of long-term treatment with hydrocortisone is the development of sodium depletion or hyponatremia. This occurs because hydrocortisone can increase the excretion of sodium in the urine, leading to low levels of sodium in the blood.

To mitigate this potential adverse effect, the nurse should encourage the client to increase their intake of sodium. This can be done through dietary sources such as adding more salt to their food or drinking sports drinks that contain electrolytes. The client should also be monitored closely for signs of sodium depletion, such as weakness, fatigue, and confusion.

It is also important to note that long-term treatment with hydrocortisone can increase the risk of other adverse effects, such as osteoporosis, hyperglycemia, and infection. The nurse should educate the client on these potential adverse effects and encourage them to follow their healthcare provider's instructions for monitoring and management.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Atomoxetine is a non-stimulant medication that is used to treat attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Unlike central nervous system (CNS) stimulants such as dextroamphetamine, dexmethylphenidate, and dextroamphetamine/amphetamine, atomoxetine does not have a high risk of abuse or dependence.

CNS stimulants like dextroamphetamine, dexmethylphenidate, and dextroamphetamine/amphetamine can be effective in treating ADHD symptoms, but they can also be abused and lead to dependence. These medications work by increasing levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which can improve focus and attention. However, they also have the potential to be misused, particularly by individuals seeking a "high" or increased alertness.

In contrast, atomoxetine works by selectively inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine in the brain. This mechanism of action does not produce the same effects on dopamine levels as CNS stimulants, and it is not associated with a high risk of abuse or dependence. However, it may take several weeks for the full therapeutic effects of atomoxetine to be seen, and it may not be as effective as CNS stimulants for some individuals with ADHD.

A. Ibuprofen B. Hydrochlorothiazide C. Diltiazem D. Prednisone

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A: Ibuprofen does not typically interact with calcium citrate to decrease its effects. Instead, ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can cause gastrointestinal irritation and, with long-term use, may affect kidney function.

B: Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can lead to increased calcium levels in the blood. It does not decrease the effects of calcium citrate; rather, it could potentially cause hypercalcemia if used concurrently with calcium supplements.

C: Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and angina. While it affects calcium channels in the heart and blood vessels, it does not typically interact with calcium citrate supplements to decrease their effectiveness.

D: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can decrease calcium absorption and increase calcium excretion, leading to lower bone density. Long-term use of prednisone can lead to osteoporosis, making it counterproductive when taken with calcium citrate for bone health.

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A client will soon begin long-term treatment with hydrocortisone after being diagnosed with Addison's disease. In order to mitigate the potential adverse effect of this treatment regimen, the nurse should encourage the client to increase the intake of what nutrient?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is being prescribed a central nervous system stimulant. Which will haw lowest risk of abuse and dependence?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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