A client who is undergoing external beam radiation for prostate cancer has developed desquamation of the skin in the treatment area. Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include for this patient? (Select all that apply.)

Leave the affected area open to air when you are at home.

Limit ice-pack application to the area to 20 minutes at a time.

Lubricate the area with an alcohol-based lotion.

You may use aloe vera gel on the affected skin.

Clean the area with betadine to prevent infection.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D

A.   Allowing the affected skin to be exposed to air can help in promoting healing and preventing further irritation. However, it's essential to ensure the environment is clean and that the area is protected from friction and contamination.
B.   Ice packs should be avoided as they can cause further irritation to the radiated skin, and alcohol- based lotions can be drying and may exacerbate skin reactions.

C.   Alcohol-based lotions can be drying and irritating to sensitive, radiation-treated skin. It's preferable to use gentle, non-alcohol-based moisturizers or barrier creams that are specifically designed for sensitive skin. These can help soothe the skin and prevent excessive dryness and irritation.
D.   Aloe vera gel is known for its soothing and moisturizing properties, which can help alleviate discomfort and promote healing of radiation-damaged skin. It is gentle and generally well-tolerated by most individuals.
E.   Betadine (povidone-iodine) can be too harsh for radiation-damaged skin and may further irritate the area. Gentle cleansing with mild soap and water is recommended to keep the area clean and minimize the risk of infection.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Moon face is a common side effect of prednisone, a corticosteroid medication. It results from fluid retention and redistribution of fat in the face. While moon face is a cosmetic concern, it is not typically an urgent or critical finding that requires immediate reporting.
B. Muscle spasticity may develop but does not pose an immediate risk that requires urgent attention.
C. Alcohol consumption can interact with both prednisone and interferon B-1a, potentially leading to increased drug levels in the bloodstream and intensifying side effects. This interaction can also increase the risk of liver problems, which is particularly concerning given that interferon B-1a may cause liver issues.
D. Birth control pills have been a subject of debate regarding their effect on multiple sclerosis but a study found that oral hormonal contraceptives did not appear to be associated with an increased chance of MS relapses.

A. The client has a harmful gene mutation which puts him at a higher risk for cancer in the future. B. The client will need additional testing to determine if he has cancer. C. The client has prostate cancer. D. The client has benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. PSA levels themselves do not indicate a gene mutation. Elevated PSA levels are primarily associated with prostate conditions rather than genetic mutations. While certain genetic mutations can predispose individuals to prostate cancer, PSA alone does not diagnose genetic mutations.
B. Elevated PSA levels can indicate the possibility of prostate cancer, but further testing is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Additional tests may include a digital rectal exam (DRE), imaging studies (such as ultrasound or MRI), and a prostate biopsy.
C. Elevated PSA levels can suggest prostate cancer, but they do not definitively diagnose it. Prostate cancer can only be confirmed through a biopsy that identifies cancerous cells in the prostate tissue.
D. BPH is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland that commonly occurs in older men. While BPH can cause urinary symptoms similar to prostate cancer, elevated PSA levels are not typically associated with BPH alone. PSA elevation is more specific to prostate cancer but can also occur with other prostate conditions.

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A client who is undergoing external beam radiation for prostate cancer has developed desquamation of the skin in the treatment area. Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include for this patient? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

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A female client with multiple sclerosis is being treated with prednisone and the immunomodulator drug interferon B-1a to manage the condition. Which finding is the most important for the nurse to report to the provider?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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