A client who has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies is admitted to the hospital with Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia (PCP) and a CD4+ T-Cell count of less than 200 cells/µL. Based on the diagnostic criteria established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which statement by the nurse is correct?

"The client meets the criteria for the chronic asymptomatic HIV infection phase."

"The client has developed Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)."

"The client's CD4+ T-cell count is within the normal range."

"The client meets the criteria for the acute HIV infection phase."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because a CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL and the presence of PCP are indicative of AIDS, not the chronic asymptomatic phase of HIV.

Choice B reason: This is the correct choice. A CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL and an opportunistic infection such as PCP meet the CDC criteria for an AIDS diagnosis.

Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect. A CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL is below the normal range and is one of the criteria for an AIDS diagnosis.

Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect because the acute HIV infection phase is characterized by a high viral load and a decrease in CD4+ T-cell count, but not necessarily below 200 cells/µL or the presence of opportunistic infections.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: The FACES scale is not typically used for infants as they cannot verbally express or select a face that correlates with their pain level.

Choice B reason: The Oucher scale requires a child to point to a face that shows how much pain they are feeling, which is not suitable for infants who cannot communicate their pain verbally.

Choice C reason: The FLACC scale is appropriate for infants as it assesses pain based on five categories of behavior: Facial expression, Leg movement, Activity, Cry, and Consolability.

Choice D reason: The Non-communicating children's pain checklist is designed for children with cognitive impairments and is not the best choice for assessing pain in infants.

A. Bowel sounds. B. Stool frequency. C. Abdominal distention. D. Fecal occult blood test.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Bowel sounds are a general indicator of intestinal activity and can be assessed in patients with various conditions. However, they are not specific to the effectiveness of Esomeprazole, which is primarily used to reduce gastric acid production and prevent stress ulcers, particularly in patients with burn injuries⁷.

Choice B reason:
Stool frequency may indicate gastrointestinal motility and function but does not directly assess the effectiveness of Esomeprazole. This drug's main role is to decrease stomach acidity, which would not necessarily change stool frequency unless there was a pre-existing issue related to acid production⁷.

Choice C reason:
Abdominal distention can be caused by a variety of factors, including gas, fluid, or enlargement of organs. While it's important to monitor in burn patients, it does not specifically evaluate the effectiveness of Esomeprazole in preventing gastric acid-related complications⁷.

Choice D reason:
A fecal occult blood test is used to detect bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, which could signify the development of stress ulcers. Since Esomeprazole is prescribed to prevent such ulcers by reducing stomach acid, this test is a direct measure of the drug's effectiveness in burn patients⁷.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is completing a pain assessment on an infant. Which of the following pain scales should the nurse use?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The proton pump inhibitor Esomeprazole (Nexium) is prescribed for a client who incurred extensive burn injuries 5 days ago. Which nursing assessment would best evaluate the effectiveness of the drug?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is assessing an infant who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is planning care for a child who has asthma. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply)

A nurse is caring for a male infant who has epispadias. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a toddler. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply)

A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a newly-admitted infant. Which of the following findings is an early indication of hypoxemia?

A nurse is teaching an adolescent about the appropriate use of his asthma medications. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to use as needed before exercise?

A nurse is caring for an infant who has just returned from the PACU following cleft lip and palate repair. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is preparing a toddler for an intravenous catheter insertion using atraumatic care. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)