A client who has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies is admitted to the hospital with Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia (PCP) and a CD4+ T-Cell count of less than 200 cells/µL. Based on the diagnostic criteria established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which statement by the nurse is correct?
"The client meets the criteria for the chronic asymptomatic HIV infection phase."
"The client has developed Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)."
"The client's CD4+ T-cell count is within the normal range."
"The client meets the criteria for the acute HIV infection phase."
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because a CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL and the presence of PCP are indicative of AIDS, not the chronic asymptomatic phase of HIV.
Choice B reason: This is the correct choice. A CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL and an opportunistic infection such as PCP meet the CDC criteria for an AIDS diagnosis.
Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect. A CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL is below the normal range and is one of the criteria for an AIDS diagnosis.
Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect because the acute HIV infection phase is characterized by a high viral load and a decrease in CD4+ T-cell count, but not necessarily below 200 cells/µL or the presence of opportunistic infections.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: The FACES scale is not typically used for infants as they cannot verbally express or select a face that correlates with their pain level.
Choice B reason: The Oucher scale requires a child to point to a face that shows how much pain they are feeling, which is not suitable for infants who cannot communicate their pain verbally.
Choice C reason: The FLACC scale is appropriate for infants as it assesses pain based on five categories of behavior: Facial expression, Leg movement, Activity, Cry, and Consolability.
Choice D reason: The Non-communicating children's pain checklist is designed for children with cognitive impairments and is not the best choice for assessing pain in infants.
Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: An oxygen saturation of 95% is within the normal range and does not indicate respiratory deterioration.
Choice B reason: Warm extremities are not an indication of respiratory status deterioration; they are generally a sign of good circulation.
Choice C reason: Wheezing is a common sign of airway obstruction in asthma and can indicate a deterioration in respiratory status.
Choice D reason: Nasal flaring is a sign of increased work of breathing and can indicate respiratory distress in a child with asthma.
Choice E reason: Retraction of sternal muscles is a sign of respiratory distress and can indicate a worsening condition in a child with asthma.
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