A client who has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies is admitted to the hospital with Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia (PCP) and a CD4+ T-Cell count of less than 200 cells/µL. Based on the diagnostic criteria established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which statement by the nurse is correct?
"The client meets the criteria for the chronic asymptomatic HIV infection phase."
"The client has developed Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)."
"The client's CD4+ T-cell count is within the normal range."
"The client meets the criteria for the acute HIV infection phase."
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because a CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL and the presence of PCP are indicative of AIDS, not the chronic asymptomatic phase of HIV.
Choice B reason: This is the correct choice. A CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL and an opportunistic infection such as PCP meet the CDC criteria for an AIDS diagnosis.
Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect. A CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL is below the normal range and is one of the criteria for an AIDS diagnosis.
Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect because the acute HIV infection phase is characterized by a high viral load and a decrease in CD4+ T-cell count, but not necessarily below 200 cells/µL or the presence of opportunistic infections.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: While the Fowler's position can aid in breathing, it is not the first action to take if the oxygen saturation monitor is reading low.
Choice B reason: Ensuring the proper placement of the sensor probe is the first step, as incorrect placement can lead to inaccurate readings.
Choice C reason: Increasing the oxygen flow rate should only be considered after confirming the accuracy of the oxygen saturation reading.
Choice D reason: Encouraging deep breaths may be helpful, but it is not the first action to take. The priority is to ensure the oxygen saturation reading is accurate.
Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Waiting 30 seconds between puffs allows the medication to settle and ensures the second puff is as effective as the first.
Choice B reason: Shaking the device before use helps to mix the medication properly, ensuring a consistent dose with each inhalation.
Choice C reason: Exhaling quickly after inhalation is not recommended; instead, the patient should hold their breath for a few seconds to allow the medication to reach deep into the lungs.
Choice D reason: Rinsing the mouth and expectorating after administration prevents oral thrush, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
Choice E reason: Inhaling slowly ensures that the medication is delivered deeply into the lungs for maximum efficacy.
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