A client reports passing 2 to 3 small, hard stools per week since being placed on a low-residue diet three months ago. Which type of laxative should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to recommend first?

Emollient.

Osmotic.

Bulk-forming.

Stimulant.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Emollient: Emollient (stool softener) laxatives like docusate sodium help moisten stool but do not significantly increase stool volume or stimulate bowel movement. They are gentle but typically insufficient for long-term, low-frequency constipation.

B. Osmotic: Osmotic laxatives draw water into the bowel to promote peristalsis. They are effective but may cause electrolyte imbalances if used chronically. These are often reserved for when bulk-forming agents are ineffective.

C. Bulk-forming: Bulk-forming laxatives such as psyllium are typically the first-line recommendation for chronic constipation. They mimic dietary fiber by absorbing water, increasing stool bulk, and promoting regular bowel movements with minimal side effects.

D. Stimulant: Stimulant laxatives like senna or bisacodyl are stronger agents that promote bowel motility but can cause dependency if used long-term. They are not recommended as first-line therapy for chronic constipation related to diet.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","G","H"]

Explanation

A. Occupation of legal secretary: The client works as a legal secretary, which may involve extensive typing or repetitive hand movements. This can contribute to musculoskeletal stress or strain, potentially exacerbating symptoms like pain and stiffness in the hands.

B. Stiffness in hands for 3 months: The client reports stiffness in both hands and wrists for the past 3 months, which could suggest an inflammatory arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This warrants further evaluation, especially given her family history of arthritis.

C. Radial and pedal pulses 2+: A rating of 2+ for radial and pedal pulses is normal, indicating no circulation issues, and does not need further evaluation.

D. Pain in bilateral hands and wrists: Persistent, symmetrical pain in the hands and wrists, particularly with palpation, may indicate a condition like rheumatoid arthritis. This symptom, in combination with morning stiffness, needs further investigation.

E. History of asthma using albuterol inhaler PRN: The client's history of well-controlled asthma, managed with an albuterol inhaler as needed for exacerbations, does not directly relate to her current presentation of hand pain and stiffness.

F. Capillary refill 2 seconds: A capillary refill time of 2 seconds is within the normal range, indicating adequate peripheral perfusion. This finding suggests that there are no immediate circulatory issues contributing to her hand pain and stiffness and does not require further evaluation.

G. Body mass index (BMI) of 31 kg/m²: A BMI of 31 falls within the obese range, which can increase the risk for musculoskeletal issues and other chronic conditions. This factor should be evaluated further, as obesity may affect joint health.

H. Client's hobbies: The client enjoys hobbies like gardening and crocheting, which involve repetitive hand movements. These activities could exacerbate the pain and stiffness in her hands, making it important to evaluate whether these hobbies are contributing to her symptoms.

A. Hold the client at arm's length while transferring to better distribute the body weight. B. Place the client's locked wheelchair on the client's strong side next to the bed. C. Pull the client into position by reaching from the opposite side of the bed. D. Apply a gait belt around the client's waist once a standing position has been assumed.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hold the client at arm's length while transferring to better distribute the body weight: Holding the client at arm's length is not recommended as it does not provide adequate support. The caregiver should be close to the client to maintain control to ensure safe transfer.

B. Place the client's locked wheelchair on the client's strong side next to the bed: Positioning the wheelchair on the client’s strong side provides support and stability during the transfer, allowing the caregiver to assist effectively while ensuring the client’s safety.

C. Pull the client into position by reaching from the opposite side of the bed: Reaching from the opposite side of the bed can cause strain on the caregiver's back and may increase the risk of injury. It is safer to stay close to the client during transfers to minimize physical strain.

D. Apply a gait belt around the client's waist once a standing position has been assumed: The gait belt should be applied before the client assumes a standing position. This ensures proper support and control during the transfer. Waiting until standing could cause instability.

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A client reports passing 2 to 3 small, hard stools per week since being placed on a low-residue diet three months ago. Which type of laxative should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to recommend first?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Exhibits Which information from the history and physical, nurses' note, and flow sheet requires further evaluation? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","G","H"]

Explanation

The nurse is demonstrating correct transfer procedures to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) working on a rehabilitation unit. The UAP asks the nurse how to safely move a physically disabled client from the wheelchair to a bed. Which action should the nurse recommend?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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