A client reports passing 2 to 3 small, hard stools per week since being placed on a low-residue diet three months ago. Which type of laxative should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to recommend first?

Emollient.

Osmotic.

Bulk-forming.

Stimulant.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Emollient: Emollient (stool softener) laxatives like docusate sodium help moisten stool but do not significantly increase stool volume or stimulate bowel movement. They are gentle but typically insufficient for long-term, low-frequency constipation.

B. Osmotic: Osmotic laxatives draw water into the bowel to promote peristalsis. They are effective but may cause electrolyte imbalances if used chronically. These are often reserved for when bulk-forming agents are ineffective.

C. Bulk-forming: Bulk-forming laxatives such as psyllium are typically the first-line recommendation for chronic constipation. They mimic dietary fiber by absorbing water, increasing stool bulk, and promoting regular bowel movements with minimal side effects.

D. Stimulant: Stimulant laxatives like senna or bisacodyl are stronger agents that promote bowel motility but can cause dependency if used long-term. They are not recommended as first-line therapy for chronic constipation related to diet.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Encourage the client's family to visit more often: The client is withdrawn, increased visits may feel overwhelming. This approach assumes the client is ready for interaction, which may not be the case, and does not directly address communication barriers.

B. Encourage the client to participate in group activities: This may be premature for a client who is severely withdrawn. Pushing participation too soon may increase distress or resistance, making rapport-building through simpler interactions more effective initially.

C. Engage the client in non-threatening conversations: Starting with gentle, non-intrusive conversations helps build trust and re-establish communication. It meets the client where they are emotionally and lays a foundation for further therapeutic engagement without increasing anxiety or pressure.

D. Schedule a daily conference with the social worker: Daily meetings may not be feasible or welcomed by a withdrawn client. Interventions should first aim to re-establish connection through nurse-client interaction.

A. Dilated pupils, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, elation. B. Excessive eating, constipation, headache. C. Nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, anxiety, tremors. D. Mood lability, poor hand coordination, fever, drowsiness.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Dilated pupils, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, elation: These symptoms are more typical of stimulant intoxication and do not indicate alcohol withdrawal. They are not consistent with the need for a detox protocol focused on alcohol or other depressants.

B. Excessive eating, constipation, headache: These symptoms are not associated with alcohol or drug intoxication or withdrawal. They do not suggest a need for detoxification medication protocols.

C. Nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, anxiety, tremors: These are classic signs of alcohol withdrawal and suggest the need for detoxification. These symptoms require immediate intervention to manage withdrawal safely and avoid complications.

D. Mood lability, poor hand coordination, fever, drowsiness: These signs are more indicative of intoxication with substances like sedatives. While concerning, they do not point to alcohol withdrawal, which requires specific detox protocols.

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A client reports passing 2 to 3 small, hard stools per week since being placed on a low-residue diet three months ago. Which type of laxative should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to recommend first?

Nursing Test Bank

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