The nurse is caring for a one-week-old infant who has a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt that was placed 2 days after birth. Which finding(s) indicate a postoperative complication? Select all that apply.
Reference Range:
White blood cells (WBC) [9,000 to 10,000/mm3 (9 to 10 x 10^9 /L)]
Leakage of cerebral spinal fluid from the incisional site.
Poor feeding and vomiting.
Abdominal distention.
WBC of 10,000/mm3 (10 x 10^ 9/L).
Hyperactive bowel sounds.
Correct Answer : A,B,C
A. Leakage of cerebral spinal fluid from the incisional site: Leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the incision site is a serious postoperative complication. It could indicate a shunt malfunction or infection, requiring immediate attention.
B. Poor feeding and vomiting: These symptoms may indicate increased intracranial pressure, which can result from a shunt malfunction or infection, both serious complications that need to be addressed immediately.
C. Abdominal distention: Abdominal distention in an infant with a VP shunt can indicate an issue with the peritoneal end of the shunt. This could be due to malabsorption of CSF in the peritoneal cavity, infection (peritonitis), or kinking/blockage of the catheter in the abdomen, leading to accumulation of fluid and distention.
D. WBC of 10,000/mm3 (10 x 10^9/L): A WBC count of 10,000/mm3 is within the normal range for a one-week-old infant. Therefore, this finding does not indicate infection or an inflammatory response and is not a concern in this case.
E. Hyperactive bowel sounds: Hyperactive bowel sounds are typically not associated with a VP shunt complication. This finding is generally indicative of gastrointestinal motility, which is not related to a shunt malfunction or infection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["1350"]
Explanation
Rationale:
Fluid resuscitation rate using the Parkland formula:
- Calculate the total fluid volume needed for the first 24 hours.
The Parkland formula: 4 mL × client weight (kg) × % TBSA burned.
Client weight = 90 kg
TBSA burned = 45%
Total fluid volume = 4 mL × 90 kg × 45 = 16,200 mL
- Determine the amount of fluid to be given in the first 8 hours.
According to the Parkland formula, half of the total fluid volume is administered in the first 8 hours from the time of the burn injury.
Fluid for first 8 hours = 16,200 mL / 2
= 8,100 mL
- Calculate the infusion rate for the first 8 hours.
The burn occurred at 1000. The nurse arrives at 1200. This means 2 hours have already passed since the burn occurred within the initial 8-hour period.
Remaining time in the first 8 hours = 8 hours - 2 hours
= 6 hours.
Infusion rate (mL/hour) = Fluid for remaining first 8 hours / Remaining time in first 8 hours
= 8,100 mL / 6 hours
= 1350 mL/hour.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Dilated pupils, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, elation: These symptoms are more typical of stimulant intoxication and do not indicate alcohol withdrawal. They are not consistent with the need for a detox protocol focused on alcohol or other depressants.
B. Excessive eating, constipation, headache: These symptoms are not associated with alcohol or drug intoxication or withdrawal. They do not suggest a need for detoxification medication protocols.
C. Nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, anxiety, tremors: These are classic signs of alcohol withdrawal and suggest the need for detoxification. These symptoms require immediate intervention to manage withdrawal safely and avoid complications.
D. Mood lability, poor hand coordination, fever, drowsiness: These signs are more indicative of intoxication with substances like sedatives. While concerning, they do not point to alcohol withdrawal, which requires specific detox protocols.
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