A client presents to the healthcare setting with a diagnosis of chronic liver failure. The nurse understands this will affect which step of pharmacokinetics?
Absorption
Excretion
Metabolism
Distribution
The Correct Answer is C
A. Absorption:
Chronic liver failure primarily affects the metabolism of drugs rather than their absorption. While liver disease can impact various bodily functions, the absorption of medications is generally more influenced by gastrointestinal factors and not as directly affected by liver function.
B. Excretion:
Excretion of drugs is primarily managed by the kidneys, not the liver. While liver failure can lead to changes in drug metabolism, it does not directly impair the excretion process, which is largely renal. However, compromised liver function can indirectly affect renal excretion due to altered pharmacokinetics.
C. Metabolism:
Liver failure significantly affects drug metabolism. The liver is the primary site for the metabolism of many medications, converting drugs into more water-soluble compounds for excretion. In chronic liver failure, the liver's ability to metabolize drugs is impaired, leading to potential drug accumulation and increased risk of toxicity. This step of pharmacokinetics is most directly impacted by liver dysfunction.
D. Distribution:
While liver function can affect drug distribution to some extent, it is not as directly impacted as metabolism. Distribution can be influenced by factors such as changes in plasma protein levels and blood flow, but the liver's primary role in drug metabolism is more directly affected by chronic liver failure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"C"},"B":{"answers":"D"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"B"}}
Explanation
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist and is used to reverse opioid overdoses.
Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist and can reverse the effects of benzodiazepines.
Glucagon can be used to treat beta-blocker overdose by increasing heart rate and blood pressure.
Acetylcysteine acts as an antidote for acetaminophen toxicity by replenishing glutathione levels to enhance non-toxic metabolism of acetaminophen.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Chemical name:
The chemical name of a drug refers to its molecular structure and is often complex and technical, such as "2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid" for ibuprofen. This name is used primarily by chemists and is not typically used in clinical settings.
B. Generic name:
The generic name of a drug is its non-proprietary name, which is often simpler than the chemical name and is used universally to identify the drug regardless of the brand. For ibuprofen, the generic name is "ibuprofen." It is distinct from the brand name, which is a trademarked name used by manufacturers.
C. Nonproprietary name:
The term "nonproprietary name" is synonymous with the generic name. It refers to the drug's official, universally accepted name that is not associated with any specific brand. In this case, "ibuprofen" is the nonproprietary or generic name.
D. Brand name:
The brand name, also known as the trade name, is the name given by the manufacturer and is protected by trademark. "Motrin" is the brand name for ibuprofen. It is used in marketing and prescribing to differentiate it from other brands or generic forms of the same medication.
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