A nurse is reviewing a client's prescribed medications. Which of the following situations represents a contraindication to medication administration?

An antibiotic medication that has a side effect of nausea when taken without food.

Administering medications to a client under 4 months of age.

A antihypertensive medication given for high-blood pressure that causes orthostatic hypotension.

A medication with a Blackbox warning that the drug causes tendonitis and the patient has a history of tendonitis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. An antibiotic medication that has a side effect of nausea when taken without food:
Nausea is a common side effect of many medications, including antibiotics, when taken on an empty stomach. While this side effect may cause discomfort, it is generally not a contraindication to medication administration. Patients can often manage this side effect by taking the medication with food or as advised by their healthcare provider.

B. Administering medications to a client under 4 months of age:
While administering medications to very young children requires special considerations and dosing adjustments, it is not inherently a contraindication. The key is to ensure that the medications are appropriate for the age and weight of the infant, and are prescribed and dosed correctly.

C. An antihypertensive medication given for high-blood pressure that causes orthostatic hypotension:
Orthostatic hypotension is a known side effect of some antihypertensive medications. While this side effect needs to be managed carefully, it does not represent a contraindication to the medication. Adjusting the dose or changing medications may be required to manage this side effect.

D. A medication with a Blackbox warning that the drug causes tendonitis and the patient has a history of tendonitis:
A Black Box warning is the strictest warning put in the labelling of a prescription drug by the FDA. It indicates that the drug has significant risk of serious or life-threatening adverse effects. If a medication with a Black Box warning indicates a risk of tendonitis and the patient has a history of tendonitis, this represents a contraindication, as the drug could exacerbate or trigger the condition, posing a serious risk to the patient.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Chemical name:
The chemical name of a drug refers to its molecular structure and is often complex and technical, such as "2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid" for ibuprofen. This name is used primarily by chemists and is not typically used in clinical settings.

B. Generic name:
The generic name of a drug is its non-proprietary name, which is often simpler than the chemical name and is used universally to identify the drug regardless of the brand. For ibuprofen, the generic name is "ibuprofen." It is distinct from the brand name, which is a trademarked name used by manufacturers.

C. Nonproprietary name:
The term "nonproprietary name" is synonymous with the generic name. It refers to the drug's official, universally accepted name that is not associated with any specific brand. In this case, "ibuprofen" is the nonproprietary or generic name.

D. Brand name:
The brand name, also known as the trade name, is the name given by the manufacturer and is protected by trademark. "Motrin" is the brand name for ibuprofen. It is used in marketing and prescribing to differentiate it from other brands or generic forms of the same medication.

A. Wait for at least another 30 minutes before calling to have the level drawn. B. Schedule the level to be drawn in 8 hours C. Call the lab to have the medication level drawn immediately D. Arrange for the level to be drawn tomorrow since the peak time has passed.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Wait for at least another 30 minutes before calling to have the level drawn:
For oral medications, peak drug levels are typically drawn 1 to 2 hours after administration, depending on the medication's pharmacokinetics. Since the client took the medication only 30 minutes ago, it is premature to draw the level now. Waiting an additional 30 minutes would align with the typical peak times for oral medications, ensuring that the drug level reflects its peak concentration.

B. Schedule the level to be drawn in 8 hours:
Drawing the peak level 8 hours after administration would likely be too late, as most oral medications reach their peak concentration within 1 to 2 hours. Scheduling the level for 8 hours later may result in an inaccurate measurement of the peak drug level, leading to potentially misleading clinical information.

C. Call the lab to have the medication level drawn immediately:
Drawing the level immediately after 30 minutes may not provide an accurate representation of the peak drug level. Oral medications generally reach peak levels later, and an early draw could result in a falsely low measurement that does not reflect the drug's maximum concentration.

D. Arrange for the level to be drawn tomorrow since the peak time has passed:
The peak time has not passed, as the medication was only administered 30 minutes ago. Drawing the level tomorrow would be far too late to assess the peak concentration accurately, which is essential for evaluating the effectiveness and safety of the medication.

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A nurse is reviewing a client's prescribed medications. Which of the following situations represents a contraindication to medication administration?

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