A client asks why she needs to take a medication on an empty stomach. The nurse explains that food generally has which effect on drug dissolution and absorption?

Does not have an effect

Increases

Decreases

Enhances

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Does not have an effect: Food can significantly affect drug dissolution and absorption, so it is not accurate to say it has no effect. The presence of food in the gastrointestinal tract can alter how drugs are absorbed.

B) Increases: While food can sometimes increase the absorption of certain medications by stimulating digestive processes, it generally does not increase drug absorption for all medications. In many cases, food can delay or decrease the rate of drug absorption.

C) Decreases: Food commonly decreases the rate and extent of drug absorption. This can occur because food may bind to the drug, alter the pH of the stomach, or affect gastric emptying, leading to reduced drug dissolution and absorption.

D) Enhances: Food generally does not enhance drug dissolution and absorption for most medications. While some medications are better absorbed with food, in many cases, food can reduce the rate at which a drug is absorbed, leading to decreased efficacy.

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Correct Answer is ["D","E"]

Explanation

A) Affinity: Affinity refers to the strength of the interaction between a drug and its receptor. It does not describe the body's overall handling of the drug or the drug's effects on the body.

B) Efficacy: Efficacy describes the ability of a drug to produce a desired therapeutic effect. It pertains to the drug’s effectiveness once it interacts with its target but does not encompass the body's handling of the drug.

C) Biotransformation: Biotransformation is the process of drug metabolism, specifically how the body chemically alters a drug. While it is a part of pharmacokinetics, it does not cover the entire concept.

D) Pharmacokinetics: Pharmacokinetics is the term used to describe what the body does with the drug, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. It encompasses the processes that determine the drug's concentration in the body over time.

E) Pharmacodynamics: Pharmacodynamics refers to what the drug does to the body, including the relationship between drug concentration and effect. It encompasses the mechanisms of action, including receptor interactions and therapeutic effects.

Correct Answer is ["13.3"]

Explanation

Let's calculate the dosage step-by-step:

1. Determine the total daily dosage:
20 mg/dose x 4 doses/day = 80 mg/day

2. Calculate the volume needed for one dose:
20 mg / 1.5 mg/mL = 13.33 mL

3. Round to the nearest tenth:
13.33 L ≈ 13.3 mL

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A client asks why she needs to take a medication on an empty stomach. The nurse explains that food generally has which effect on drug dissolution and absorption?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Complete the following sentence using the options in the drop down selection. _____ Is what the body does with the drug versus ____ which is what the drug does to the body.

Correct Answer is ["D","E"]

Explanation

The healthcare provider orders Ceftriaxone 20 mg IV every 6 hours. The instructions say to reconstitute 10 mg of Ceftriaxone with 6.5 ml of normal saline for a final concentration of 5 mg/ml. How many mL would the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest tenth)

Correct Answer is ["13.3"]

Explanation

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