A client is seeking counseling due to difficulty coping with being a victim of a violent attack 16 months ago. Which elements will the nurse assess for when determining the major components of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A reason: Sleeping 12 hours or more each day can be a response to various stressors, but it is not a specific or expected finding in PTSD.

Choice B reason: A constant need to talk about the event may be part of the processing of trauma, but it is not an expected finding as many individuals with PTSD may avoid discussing the traumatic event.

Choice C reason: An increasing sense of attachment to others is not typically associated with PTSD, as individuals may instead experience detachment or estrangement from others.

Choice D reason: Increasing feelings of anger are common in individuals with PTSD as they may have difficulty controlling anger and may be easily irritated.

Choice A reason: A matter-of-fact approach is effective for clients with schizotypal personality disorder as it helps in dealing with their eccentric behaviors and distorted thinking without reinforcing their odd beliefs.

Choice B reason: Clients with avoidant personality disorder may benefit more from a supportive and encouraging approach due to their sensitivity to rejection and feelings of inadequacy.

Choice C reason: For narcissistic personality disorder, a matter-of-fact approach might not be as effective because these clients often require admiration and may not respond well to a straightforward style.

Choice D reason: An antisocial personality disorder client may respond better to a matter-of-fact approach as it sets clear boundaries and expectations without emotional engagement, which they may exploit.

Choice E reason: Paranoid personality disorder clients may find a matter-of-fact approach beneficial as it provides clear and direct communication, which can help reduce their suspicions.