A client is seeking counseling due to difficulty coping with being a victim of a violent attack 16 months ago. Which elements will the nurse assess for when determining the major components of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A reason:

Individuals with Paranoid Personality Disorder often exhibit distrust and suspicion of others. A matter-of-fact approach is beneficial as it avoids emotional engagement that could be perceived as threatening or deceitful. This approach helps in maintaining clear boundaries and reduces the potential for misunderstanding or paranoia.

Choice B reason:

For those with Avoidant Personality Disorder, a matter-of-fact approach might not be as effective because these individuals are often sensitive to negative evaluation and rejection. They may require a more supportive and encouraging approach to help them feel more comfortable in social interactions.

Choice C reason:

People with Schizotypal Personality Disorder display eccentric behaviors and have difficulty forming close relationships. A matter-of-fact approach can provide structure and clarity without overwhelming them with emotional intensity, which they may find difficult to process.

Choice D reason:

Individuals with Narcissistic Personality Disorder may not respond well to a matter-of-fact approach as they often have an inflated sense of self-importance and a need for admiration. They may perceive this approach as dismissive or not adequately acknowledging their perceived self-worth.

Choice E reason:

Those diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder tend to disregard the rights of others and may manipulate or treat others harshly. A matter-of-fact approach is useful as it sets clear expectations and limits, which is necessary to manage potentially manipulative or harmful behaviors.

Choice A reason: This statement is an example of rationalizing the spouse's behavior, which can perpetuate the cycle of substance abuse.

Choice B reason: Providing money for drugs, even under the guise of preventing theft, is enabling because it facilitates the continuation of the substance abuse.

Choice C reason: Suggesting rehab as a condition for coming home is not enabling; it is a step towards addressing the substance use disorder.

Choice D reason: Calling in sick on behalf of the spouse to cover for their potential job loss due to substance abuse is an enabling behavior that prevents the spouse from facing the natural consequences of their actions.

Choice E reason: Securing valuables to prevent theft due to the spouse's substance abuse is also enabling because it adjusts normal routines to accommodate the substance use, rather than confronting or addressing the issue.