A client is prescribed metronidazole, an antimicrobial agent, orally for 10 days. When performing discharge teaching, which statement(s) should be included in the instruction? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Complete all doses of metronidazole in your prescription

Do not drink alcohol while taking metronidazole and for 2 days after you finish the pills.

Use a barrier form of contraception while taking medication

Strain all urine for crystal fragments

The drug may change your urine's color to pale yellow

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

A.   This statement is correct and crucial. Completing the full course of antibiotics is essential to ensure the infection is fully treated and to prevent antibiotic resistance.
B.   Metronidazole can cause a disulfiram-like reaction (similar to what occurs with alcohol and disulfiram) if alcohol is consumed during treatment or shortly after. Symptoms can include flushing, nausea, vomiting, and palpitations.
C.   Metronidazole can potentially reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives. Using a barrier method, like condoms, can help prevent unintended pregnancy during treatment.
D.   This statement is not necessary. Metronidazole is not typically associated with crystalluria or the need to strain urine for crystal fragments. This instruction does not apply to this medication.
E.   This statement is inaccurate. While metronidazole can cause darkening of the urine, it is not specifically known to change urine to pale yellow. Typically, discoloration could be more of a brown or dark color, and pale yellow is not a common effect of this medication.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While staying hydrated is essential, especially during illness, limiting intake to non-caloric liquids could lead to inadequate caloric intake and worsen the client’s condition. Instead, the client should maintain a balanced intake of fluids and carbohydrates as tolerated.
B. This is a reasonable approach. Monitoring blood glucose levels regularly allows the client to assess how their body is responding to the illness and any adjustments in insulin. If the levels continue to rise, it is important for the client to seek medical attention to prevent complications like diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
C. While it is important to manage carbohydrate intake, completely decreasing carbohydrate intake can lead to inadequate caloric consumption, which is especially risky during an illness. The body needs energy, and people with diabetes must balance carbohydrate intake with insulin administration to avoid complications.
D. Holding insulin can lead to dangerously high blood glucose levels. Clients with Type 1 diabetes require insulin regardless of illness, and it’s crucial to adjust the insulin regimen based on current blood glucose levels and carbohydrate intake.

A. mental status = lethargic, oriented X 3 but unsure of reason for presenting for care B. arterial blood gas pH 7.47/ pCO2-40/HCO3-33/ pa02 = 95 C. arterial blood gas pH=7.31/pCO2-34/HCO3-17/pa02=98 D. heart rate=52, regular E. respiratory rate = 31, deep

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Lethargy can occur in DKA due to the effects of hyperglycemia, acidosis, and dehydration. Even if the client is oriented, confusion about the reason for care suggests an altered mental state, which can be common in DKA.
B. This ABG indicates alkalosis (pH > 7.45), which is not typical for DKA. In DKA, we would expect a lower pH (acidosis). This set of values does not align with the expected clinical picture of DKA.
C. This ABG shows a pH of 7.31, indicating acidosis. The low HCO3 (17) supports metabolic acidosis, which is characteristic of DKA. This finding is consistent with the expected laboratory results in a patient experiencing DKA.
D. A heart rate of 52 (bradycardia) is not a common finding in DKA. In fact, tachycardia (elevated heart rate) is typically observed due to dehydration and compensatory mechanisms. Bradycardia would not be expected in this context.
E. A respiratory rate of 31, particularly if deep (known as Kussmaul respirations), is a classic sign of metabolic acidosis, including DKA. Kussmaul respirations are the body’s attempt to compensate for acidosis by increasing carbon dioxide elimination.

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A client is prescribed metronidazole, an antimicrobial agent, orally for 10 days. When performing discharge teaching, which statement(s) should be included in the instruction? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

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