The nurse that which of the following activities/conditions increases complications of hypoglycemia for the individual with type 1 diabetes? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

taking prescribed tamsulosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia

having urinary retention due to bladder atony

jogging for 2 miles (3.2 km)

drinking 3 12 oz. (360 mL) bottles of beer in 2 hours

taking metoprolol XL 50 mg

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,E

A.   Tamsulosin primarily affects urinary function and is not directly related to glucose metabolism or insulin action. It does not significantly contribute to hypoglycemic events.
B.   While urinary retention can lead to discomfort and potential complications, it does not have a direct impact on blood glucose levels or increase the risk of hypoglycemia. However, if it results in increased stress or medication changes, it could indirectly affect glucose management.
C.   Physical activity, such as jogging, can increase the risk of hypoglycemia in individuals with Type 1 diabetes, especially if they do not adjust their insulin or carbohydrate intake accordingly. Exercise can enhance insulin sensitivity and cause blood glucose levels to drop.
D.   Alcohol can increase the risk of hypoglycemia, particularly in individuals with diabetes, because it can inhibit gluconeogenesis (the liver's ability to produce glucose). Drinking a significant amount of alcohol, especially without food, can lead to dangerously low blood sugar levels.
E.   Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia (such as increased heart rate and tremors), making it more difficult for the individual to recognize when they are hypoglycemic. This can lead to delayed treatment and increased risk of severe hypoglycemia.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While claudication (muscle cramps with exercise) is common in earlier stages of PAD, it typically occurs in stage II. In stage III, pain often occurs at rest rather than with exertion.
B. In stage III PAD, patients often report rest pain, which can manifest as burning pain in the legs or feet, particularly at night when lying down. This is a hallmark symptom of advanced PAD due to inadequate blood flow.
C. While diminished pulses (like +1) can be found in PAD, this finding alone is not specific to stage III. In advanced stages, pulses may be even weaker or absent.
D. Blackened tissue (necrosis or gangrene) indicates a more severe stage (stage IV) of PAD, where there is critical limb ischemia and tissue death due to a lack of blood flow. Stage III may involve severe pain but usually does not have necrosis.

A. "I noticed that the hair on my feet and on my legs, is gone." B. "My legs were so cold I had to put a heating pad on them." C. "My legs start to hurt when I walk to get my mail." D. "My feet look reddish when I put them down."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Loss of hair on the lower extremities can be a common sign of chronic PAD, indicating reduced blood
flow. While it’s an important observation, it is not an immediate concern.
B. Cold legs can indicate poor blood flow, which is a significant concern in PAD. The use of a heating pad can pose a risk of burns due to impaired sensation, especially in clients with poor circulation. This statement warrants immediate intervention, as the nurse should educate the client against using heat sources that can cause injury and assess the client's circulation and potential complications.
C. This describes claudication, a common symptom of PAD, where pain occurs in the legs due to inadequate blood flow during physical activity. While it indicates worsening symptoms of PAD, it is not an immediate emergency.
D. Reddish discoloration (rubor) when the legs are dependent can indicate blood pooling due to decreased venous return or arterial insufficiency. While this observation is significant and requires monitoring, it is not as urgent as the concern related to using a heating pad.

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The nurse that which of the following activities/conditions increases complications of hypoglycemia for the individual with type 1 diabetes? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client's chart indicates the diagnosis of stage III peripheral arterial disease. Which nursing assessment finding correlates with this diagnosis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of chronic peripheral arterial disease. Which statement by the client warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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