The nurse recognizes that teaching a client to wash the hands after using the bathroom is an attempt to break the chain of infection between the:

infectious agent and reservoir.

portal of exit and mode of transmission.

mode of transmission and portal of entry.

susceptible host and infectious agent.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   This option refers to the pathogens themselves (infectious agents) and the places where they live and multiply (reservoirs). Washing hands does not directly affect the relationship between these two.
B.   The portal of exit refers to how an infectious agent leaves the reservoir (e.g., through feces, urine, etc.), and the mode of transmission refers to how the agent spreads (e.g., via hands, surfaces, etc.). Handwashing helps reduce the potential for pathogens to be transmitted but does not specifically break the chain between these two links.
C.   Handwashing after using the bathroom effectively breaks the chain of infection by interrupting the mode of transmission (direct contact with contaminated hands) and preventing pathogens from entering another person's body (portal of entry). By cleaning hands, the risk of spreading infectious agents to others is significantly reduced.

D.   This option refers to the relationship between a person who is vulnerable to infection (susceptible host) and the pathogens that cause disease (infectious agents). While handwashing helps prevent infections, it primarily acts on the transmission aspect rather than directly affecting susceptibility.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A serum fasting glucose level of 101 mg/dL indicates a mild elevation but is not significantly high enough to contraindicate the use of TMP-SMX. It does not directly relate to the medication’s safety.
B. A platelet count of 160,000 µL is within normal limits (normal range is typically 150,000-450,000 µL). This result does not indicate any contraindication for using TMP-SMX.

C. A serum creatinine level of 2.5 mg/dL indicates impaired kidney function (normal range is typically 0.6-1.2 mg/dL). TMP-SMX can be contraindicated in patients with significant renal impairment due to the potential for drug accumulation and toxicity, particularly affecting renal function.
D. A hemoglobin level of 13.6 g/dL is within normal limits (normal range is approximately 13.5-17.5 g/dL for males and 12.0-15.5 g/dL for females). This result does not indicate a contraindication for using TMP- SMX.

A. Spend some time in the sun to improve drug metabolism B. Increase fluid intake to 3 to 4 liters per 24 hours C. Take the drug every morning, at the same time as hydrochlorothiazide D. Take kaopectate daily to prevent diarrhea

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Sun exposure is not related to drug metabolism, and excessive sun exposure can be harmful.
B. Increasing fluid intake can help prevent kidney damage, a potential side effect of trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole.
C. While it's important to take medications consistently, there's no specific requirement to take trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole at the same time as hydrochlorothiazide. The dosing schedule should be as prescribed by the healthcare provider.
D. Kaopectate can interfere with the absorption of certain medications and may not be effective in preventing diarrhea caused by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

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The nurse recognizes that teaching a client to wash the hands after using the bathroom is an attempt to break the chain of infection between the:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A newly admitted client has been prescribed sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The nurse understands that this medication is contraindicated based on which lab result?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The client is receiving a trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. What information should the nurse include in the teaching about this medication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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