A client is brought into the emergency department for an overdose of morphine. The client has a respiratory rate of 5 to 8 breaths per minute. Which of the following ABG results would the nurse expect to see?

pH 7.45, PaCO2 35, HCO3 22

pH 7.25. PaCO2 61, HCO3 26

pH 7.23. PaCO2 27, HCO3 25

pH 7.54, PaCO2 59. HCO3 26

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

B. pH 7.25, PaCO2 61, HCO3 26

pH is decreased (acidosis).

PaCO2 is elevated (61 mmHg), indicating respiratory acidosis (increased CO2 retention). HCO3 is slightly elevated (26 mEq/L), compensating for the respiratory acidosis.

A. pH 7.45, PaCO2 35, HCO3 22

pH is within normal range (7.35-7.45).

PaCO2 is slightly lower than normal (35 mmHg), indicating mild respiratory alkalosis. HCO3 (bicarbonate) is within normal range (22 mEq/L).

C. pH 7.23, PaCO2 27, HCO3 25

pH is decreased (acidosis).

PaCO2 is lower than normal (27 mmHg), indicating respiratory alkalosis (which is unlikely in the context of morphine overdose with hypoventilation).

HCO3 is within normal range (25 mEq/L).

D. pH 7.54, PaCO2 59, HCO3 26

pH is increased (alkalosis).

PaCO2 is elevated (59 mmHg), indicating respiratory acidosis (consistent with hypoventilation). HCO3 is slightly elevated (26 mEq/L), compensating for the respiratory acidosis.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Clients with dementia often experience cognitive decline, which can affect their ability to navigate their surroundings safely. Modifying the environment can include simplifying the layout, reducing clutter, using clear signage, and ensuring adequate lighting to enhance orientation and reduce confusion.

B. Communication difficulties are common in dementia. Using short, simple sentences helps clients better understand instructions and information. It reduces confusion and frustration, promoting effective communication and cooperation during care.

C. Maintaining independence and dignity is crucial for clients with dementia. Allowing them to participate in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) to the extent possible helps preserve their functional abilities, boosts their self-esteem, and promotes a sense of control over their environment.

E. Providing choices within a structured framework can empower clients with dementia. It allows them to maintain some control over their daily routine and decisions, thereby enhancing their sense of autonomy and reducing agitation or resistance to care.

D. This is not an appropriate intervention. Social interaction, including visits from family members, can have significant emotional and psychological benefits for clients with dementia. It can help reduce feelings of isolation, improve mood, and provide reassurance and familiarity.

A. nonmaleficence. B. justice. C. fidelity. D. autonomy.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This principle emphasizes the duty to do no harm. In the case of the client undergoing chemotherapy and experiencing severe side effects that significantly reduce their quality of life, the principle of nonmaleficence comes into question. Chemotherapy, while aimed at treating cancer, often causes substantial side effects that can impact a patient's well-being

BThis principle relates to fairness and equality in the distribution of resources, treatments, and outcomes. In the context of cancer treatment, justice could be considered in terms of ensuring equitable access to chemotherapy and supportive care, regardless of socioeconomic status or other factors.

C Fidelity refers to the duty to be faithful, keep promises, and maintain trust in the patient-nurse relationship. In this context, fidelity would involve the nurse advocating for the client's best interests, including addressing their concerns about the severe side effects of chemotherapy and their impact on quality of life.

D. Autonomy refers to respecting the right of the patient to make their own decisions about their care and treatment. In the context of cancer treatment, autonomy would involve ensuring that the client has sufficient information about their condition, prognosis, treatment options, and potential side effects to make informed decisions. However, autonomy may also be challenged when severe side effects significantly impact the client's ability to maintain their desired quality of life despite ongoing treatment.

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A client is brought into the emergency department for an overdose of morphine. The client has a respiratory rate of 5 to 8 breaths per minute. Which of the following ABG results would the nurse expect to see?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing care for an elderly client who has dementia. Interventions used would include: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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