The nurse is caring for a 74-year-old male client. The client has a family history of prostate cancer, is 50 pounds overweight and history of smoking tobacco X 60 years. Which of the following are modifiable risk factors for this client's health? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

D. Inserting an indwelling catheter involves placing a tube into the bladder through the urethra. The urethra and urinary tract are sterile areas. Sterile gloves are necessary to prevent introducing pathogens into the urinary tract during catheter insertion.

A. An enema involves introducing a solution into the rectum for therapeutic purposes. It does not require the use of sterile gloves because the rectum and lower gastrointestinal tract are not considered sterile areas.

B. Administering an intramuscular injection involves injecting medication into muscle tissue. It does not require sterile gloves unless the site needs to be cleaned with an antiseptic wipe, in which case non- sterile gloves are sufficient.

C. The insertion of a nasogastric tube also does not typically require sterile gloves, as the gastrointestinal tract is not a sterile environment.

B. Physician and nurse practitioner orders specify the medical treatments, medications, and interventions prescribed for the client. These orders are essential for guiding care at the subacute care facility and are a critical part of the legal health record.

C. A living will, also known as an advance directive, outlines the client's preferences for medical treatment and care in the event they are unable to communicate their wishes. It is a legal document that guides decision-making regarding end-of-life care.

D. Vital sign flow records document the client's vital signs over time, including measurements such as blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature. These records are essential for monitoring the client's health status and detecting trends or changes.

F. Nurses' assessments document the nursing observations, assessments, and interventions provided to the client. These assessments are crucial for ongoing nursing care and should be included in the legal health record.

A. Event or unusual occurrence reports document any incidents or deviations from the standard of care that occur during the client's hospitalization. These reports are important for quality improvement and risk management but are typically not included in the legal health record unless they directly impact the client's care.

E. Proof of residence or property ownership documents are not typically included in the legal health record. These documents are unrelated to the client's medical care and are considered personal or administrative records.