A client is being treated for hepatic failure. On examination, the client has an elevated pulse rate and exhibited changes in mental status. Which intervention in the plan of care should the practical nurse (PN) implement?

The correct answer is choice B: Children need time to actively explore their environment. Choice A rationale:

Playpens do provide a sense of security for the child, but confining the child solely to the playpen might hinder their developmental needs. While it is essential to have a safe space for a toddler, children also require opportunities to explore and engage with their environment actively.

Choice B rationale:

The practical nurse (PN) should use this rationale when responding to the parent. Children, especially toddlers, learn and develop crucial skills through active exploration of their environment. Being confined to a playpen for extended periods may limit their opportunities for learning, hinder their physical development, and restrict social interaction, which are essential aspects of their growth.

Choice C rationale:

While playpens can provide a safe environment for a toddler when used appropriately and under supervision, keeping the child confined for the sole purpose of preventing dirtiness is not recommended. Overusing playpens can hinder a child's natural curiosity and desire to explore, potentially affecting their overall development.

Choice D rationale:

While over-concern about appearance can be harmful in some contexts, it is not directly related to the child being kept in a playpen to avoid getting dirty. The primary concern here is about providing the child with adequate opportunities for exploration, growth, and development, rather than focusing solely on appearance.

The correct answer is choice B. Notify the charge nurse of the client's concerns about surgery. Choice A rationale:

Reminding the client that the consent has already been obtained does not address the client's current fears and uncertainty about undergoing the surgery. It may come across as dismissive and unsupportive of the client's emotional needs.

Choice B rationale:

This is the correct answer because notifying the charge nurse of the client's concerns about surgery allows the nursing team to provide the necessary support and address the client's emotional needs appropriately. The charge nurse can assess the client's anxiety level, discuss the procedure, and involve the healthcare provider if needed to ensure the client is well-

informed and comfortable with their decision. Choice C rationale:

Documenting the client's expressed concerns about the surgery is essential for accurate documentation but does not provide the immediate support and intervention the client may require.

Choice D rationale:

Encouraging the client to continue with the scheduled surgery without addressing their fears and uncertainty may not be appropriate. The client's emotional well-being should be a priority, and they should feel supported in their decision-making process.