A client is being seen in the clinic to rule out mitral valve stenosis. Which assessment data would be an early indication of this condition?

The client's blood pressure has decreased since the last visit

The client's liver is enlarged and the abdomen is edematous

The client has jugular vein distention and 3+ pedal edema

The client complains of shortness of breath when walking

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. The client's blood pressure has decreased since the last visit. Decreased blood pressure is not a typical early sign of mitral valve stenosis.

B. The client's liver is enlarged and the abdomen is edematous. These are signs of more advanced heart failure, which can result from mitral valve stenosis but are not early indicators.

C. The client has jugular vein distention and 3+ pedal edema. Jugular vein distention and pedal edema are later signs of heart failure caused by mitral valve stenosis, not early signs.

D. The client complains of shortness of breath when walking. Shortness of breath on exertion is an early sign of mitral valve stenosis as the left atrium is unable to effectively pump blood into the left ventricle, leading to pulmonary congestion and difficulty breathing.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Occurs during stress: This describes stable angina, which is precipitated by predictable stress or exertion.

B. Occurs without any EKG changes: Unstable angina often presents with reversible ischemic EKG changes, such as ST depression or T wave inversion.

C. Occurs with reversible EKG changes: While this is true for unstable angina, it is not the primary differentiator compared to other types of angina.

D. Occurs at rest: Correct. Unstable angina is characterized by chest pain that occurs at rest or with minimal exertion, differentiating it from stable angina.

A. Intermittent claudication and pallor B. Jugular vein distention and dependent edema C. Diaphoresis and cool, clammy skin D. Mid-epigastric pain and heartburn

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Intermittent claudication and pallor: These symptoms are more indicative of peripheral vascular disease, not a myocardial infarction.

B. Jugular vein distention and dependent edema. These symptoms suggest right-sided heart failure or fluid overload, not myocardial infarction.

C. Diaphoresis and cool, clammy skin. Diaphoresis (sweating) and cool, clammy skin are common signs of myocardial infarction due to the body's response to pain and decreased cardiac output.

D. Mid-epigastric pain and heartburn. While heartburn can mimic some symptoms of a heart attack, mid-epigastric pain and heartburn are more likely to be related to gastrointestinal issues rather than myocardial infarction.

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A client is being seen in the clinic to rule out mitral valve stenosis. Which assessment data would be an early indication of this condition?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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