A client in the intensive care unit has a presentation of pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression, and coma after overdosing on morphine sulfate (Astramorph). Which of the following is the appropriate complication based on the client's presentation?

Choice A rationale

Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that acts on the collecting ducts and late distal tubules but not on the loop of Henle.

Choice B rationale

Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that works on the distal convoluted tubule, not the loop of Henle.

Choice C rationale

Furosemide is a loop diuretic that acts on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle to inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption, leading to increased urine output.

Choice D rationale

Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that primarily acts on the proximal tubule and the descending limb of the loop of Henle.

Choice A rationale

Alkylating agents are cytotoxic and work by damaging DNA, preventing cancer cell replication.

Choice B rationale

Antitumor antibiotics are cytotoxic and interfere with DNA or RNA synthesis, inhibiting cancer cell growth.

Choice C rationale

Opiate antagonists are not used in cancer treatment but to reverse opioid overdoses by blocking opioid receptors.

Choice D rationale

Antimetabolites are cytotoxic and interfere with DNA and RNA growth by substituting for the normal building blocks of RNA and DNA.